Determinants and Clinical Manifestations of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Gastrointestinal Patients in Dhamar, Yemen: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Background: Helicobacter pylori infection remains a major global public health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings where disease burden remains high. Despite its clinical importance, data regarding associated risk factors and symptom patterns remain limited in several populations, including Yemen.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of H. pylori infection and evaluate associated factors and clinical symptoms among gastrointestinal patients attending a tertiary healthcare center in Dhamar.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a quota-based sampling approach. H. pylori infection was diagnosed using a stool antigen test. Data were analyzed using univariate statistical analyses followed by multivariable binary logistic regression to identify independent predictors while controlling for potential confounding variables..
Results: The study demonstrated a high prevalence of H. pylori infection among the investigated population. Although univariate analysis initially identified several significant sociodemographic associations, multivariable logistic regression revealed that age >30 years was the only statistically significant independent predictor associated with infection (AOR = 0.086; 95% CI: 0.017–0.437; P = 0.003). Clinical manifestations, including upper abdominal pain (98.0%), nausea (97.6%), and vomiting (96.9%), showed significant associations with H. pylori positivity (P < 0.001). In contrast, lifestyle and dietary variables, including hot pepper consumption, did not retain significance following multivariable adjustment
Conclusions: H. pylori infection was highly prevalent and independently associated with older age and gas- trointestinal symptoms. These findings provide preliminary epidemiological evidence and support the need for future longitudinal studies using representative sampling and confirmatory diagnostic methods.
المقاييس
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