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Volume 5 - Issue 4 - 2026 - Sana'a University Journal of Humanities

Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026)

2026-04-28

27 Articles

Volume 5, Issue 4, 2026 - Sana'a University Journal of Humanities

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Articles

27 Articles

Procedural Contingencies

Faiz Saleh Abdu Al Dobli

1 - 24

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2253

The Impact of Strategic Crisis Management Planning on Improving Institutional Performance: A Qualitative Study of the Yemen Oil Company - Sana'a

Abdullah Ahmed Mohammed Al-Musaibi

25 - 49

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2190

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the impact of strategic crisis management planning on improving institutional performance, as a qualitative study of the Yemen Oil Company - Sana'a. [A1] The study relied on a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of managers and officials at the company who have direct experience in dealing with strategic planning and crisis management, in addition to analyzing relevant internal documents and reports. The study results showed that proactive strategic crisis planning contributes effectively to improving a set of institutional performance indicators, most notably: enhancing organizational readiness to respond to emergencies, increasing the efficiency of resource allocation, improving decision-making in turbulent circumstances, and maintaining the continuity of vital operational processes. The results also revealed the existence of challenges that prevent optimal utilization of this planning, most notably the lack of qualified financial and human resources and the poor supportive technological infrastructure. The study recommended deepening the culture of strategic crisis planning and integrating it into the company's organizational structure, which would enhance its flexibility and resilience in the face of future crises and improve its performance sustainably.

Keywords

strategic planning crisis management institutional performance improving institutional performance Yemen Oil Company

Supply Chain Management and it’s on Achieving Competitive Priorities of Small and Medium Industries Sector: A Field Study at Bottled Water Plants in Yemen

Amal Mohammed Ali AL-Mujahed, Hussein Abobakr Mohammed AL-Beity

50 - 85

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2220

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the impact of Supply Chain Management (SCM) on achieving Competitive Priorities (CPs) of small and medium industries sector in the Republic of Yemen. The study followed the analytical descriptive approach and developed a questionnaire to collect the primary data from the study population, which included all the 25 bottled water plants in Yemen existed in 4 governorates, namely; Sana'a, Aden, Hodeidah and Hadramout. The complete census method was used to identify the study sample, which included 346 individuals. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23 and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hierarchical model of the study by using the Smart PLS v3. The study results revealed that there is strong impact of SCM on CPs, with a different ratio of impact between dimensions of SCM, where the dimension of integration with customers was the most influential, followed by the dimension of integration with suppliers. The study recommended the need to enhance the level of achieving CPs with all its dimensions, particularly the dimension of flexibility, as it is the least achieved in terms of the dimensions of CPs in the small and medium industries sector represented by bottled water factories in Yemen. As well as the need to increase the interest of bottled water plants in integrating with suppliers by achieving the satisfaction of their suppliers, retaining them, establishing strong relationships with them, constantly improving them, and involving their suppliers in their activities and thus developing their products.

Keywords

Competitive Priorities Supply Chain Management Small and Medium Industries Bottled Water Plants

The Dictionary of Death and Its Semantic Manifestations in the Poetry of Abdullah Al-Bardouni (Structural study)

Nuha Mohamed Humaid

86 - 107

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2276

Criminal Liability for the Violation of Privacy of Correspondence and Communications through Information and Communication Technology in Yemeni and Comparative Law

Mohammed Haider Saleh Al-Walidi

108- 128

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2540

Abstract

A review of Yemeni legal provisions reveals that the Yemeni legislator has given particular attention to the protection of private life, including the right to the privacy of correspondence and communications, considering these rights as inherent to the human person and having a significant impact on life at both the individual and collective levels. Accordingly, the Constitution affirmed this right, and the criminal legislation addressed this by imposing penalties on anyone who violates private life in all its aspects, including the privacy of correspondence and communications.

However, the Yemeni legislator continues to address violations of private life committed through information and communication technologies based on traditional legislation, which suffers from shortcomings in its formulation. Furthermore, unlike other legislators, the Yemeni legislator has neither amended nor supplemented traditional laws nor enacted a specialized law. The shortcomings have even reached the point where the non-competent authority—the executive branch—issued the Crimes and Penalties Law and the Criminal Procedure Law by decree in 1994. Consequently, in the absence of specialized legislation, the judiciary is compelled to rely on its discretionary authority to address emerging violations of the privacy of correspondence and communications, while comparative legal systems have advanced through multiple stages in protecting private life.

Keywords

private life information and communication technology information privacy privacy of correspondence and communications criminal liability

The Reality of the Recognition of Social Work Profession fromthe Perspective of the Academics Staff in Social Work Departmentsat Yemeni Universities

Ameen Dabwan Hasn Kaid, Sokina Ahmed Hashim

129 - 149

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2456

Legal Rulings on the Widow،s Departure During the،Iddah of Death and Her Residence in the Marital HomeA Comparative Jurisprudential Study Across the Four Schools of Law and the Zaydi and Imami Schools

Bushra Ali Yahya Al-Imad

150 - 174

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2336

Abstract

This study explores the jurisprudential rulings concerning the widow’s departure from her marital home during the ‘iddah (waiting period) following her husband’s death. It addresses a significant legal issue that reflects Islamic law’s concern for preserving marital bonds and safeguarding the family structure as the foundation of society. The research aims to clarify the concept, legitimacy, causes, timing, and duration of the ‘iddah, while analyzing scholarly opinions on the permissibility of the widow’s departure and the obligations of her residence.

The study adopts a comparative jurisprudential approach across the four schools of law and the Zaydi and Imami schools, relying on authoritative legal sources and recognized evidences. Methodologically, it integrates inductive analysis to survey juristic views, comparative analysis to highlight areas of consensus and divergence, and deductive reasoning to determine the most preponderant rulings.

The research is structured into three sections: the first defines the ‘iddah and its rationale; the second examines the ‘iddah of death in terms of cause, timing, and duration; and the third discusses the widow’s residence, her right to leave, and related legal implications.

Findings confirm consensus on the obligation of ‘iddah and the principle of remaining in the marital home, with allowances for daytime outings when necessary.

Keywords

Islamic ‘iddah widow’s waiting period residence rulings comparative fiqh Comparative Jurisprudence four schools of law

The Qur’anic Perspective on Political Boycott of Enemies: An Analytical Study

Ahmed Mohammed Abdu Mutahar, Qasim Ahmed Qasim Al-Hamran

175 - 202

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.1300

Abstract

This study undertakes a thorough analysis of the Qur’anic perspective on the political boycott of enemies, emphasizing its jurisprudential foundation and strategic purpose. It frames boycott as both a religious duty and a tool against hegemonic oppression. The research employs deductive analysis of Qur’anic texts, historical methodology to examine prophetic precedents, and comparative analysis to contrast Qur’anic and secular boycott models.

It investigates the connection between political boycott and the principle of loyalty and disavowal, Qur’anic classifications of enemies, and the legitimacy of boycott as a political stance rooted in scripture. The study highlights its role in reinforcing Islamic identity and political independence, contrasting it with secular models of disengagement.

Findings reveal that the Qur’anic boycott is a proactive measure to protect the Ummah from cultural and political infiltration, promote internal unity, and reject loyalty to hostile powers. It affirms the boycott’s value in supporting liberation efforts and resisting Zionist and Western agendas.

The study recommends the call for embedding boycott culture in the Ummah’s collective mindset, integrating it into policy and grassroots efforts, and enhancing its tools across media, culture, and economics guided by the Qur’anic paradigm as the ultimate reference.

Keywords

The Holy Qur’an political boycott loyalty disavowal faith identity normalization

“Barriers and Causes Hindering Environmental Pollution Mitigation in the Republic of Yemen: Perspectives of Faculty Members at Sana’a University

Hesham Amin Abdulwahab

203 - 220

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2482

Abstract

This study aims to explore and characterize the main obstacles that hinder the reduction of environmental pollution in the Republic of Yemen from the perspective of faculty members at Sana’a University. The study adopts a descriptive survey approach and relies on a questionnaire as its primary research instrument.

The findings revealed that the overall severity level of the obstacles and causes impeding the efforts to reduce environmental pollution was “high”, with a mean score of 4.28 and a standard deviation of 0.63. The results also indicated statistically significant differences at the level of (p < 0.05) in the severity of the obstacles according to the variable of years of service. Faculty members with 11–20 years of experience reported higher mean scores compared to those with fewer years of service. However, no statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the severity level of obstacles related to gender, academic rank, qualification, or specialization.

The study concluded with several recommendations, the most important of which are:

Organizing awareness campaigns within and outside the university to highlight the risks of pollution and methods for its reduction.
Promoting applied scientific research.
Supporting university research that focuses on innovative solutions to pollution problems, such as recycling, renewable energy, and sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

Barriers Pollution Environmental Yemen Faculty Members

The Impact of Strategic Engineering on Housing Projects Quality Management: The Mediating Role of Strategic Improvisation & Strategic Renewal and the Moderating Role of Strategic Behavior & Strategic Awareness

Mahmoud Abdelmuty Hashim Abdelhameed

221 - 258

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2373

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the direct impact of strategic engineering on housing projects quality management and indirect through strategic improvisation & strategic renewal as mediators variables, and strategic behavior & strategic awareness as moderators variables. It employed a descriptive-analytical method and utilized a questionnaire as the primary study tool, applied to a sample of (50) employees from The Housing and Development Fund at the Northern State in Sudan. The key findings revealed that the level of strategic engineering, projects quality management, strategic improvisation, strategic renewal, strategic behavior & strategic awareness were low, with mean scores of (2.54), (2.36), (2.51), (2.45), (2.56), and (2.20), respectively. Additionally, there was a direct effect of strategic engineering on projects quality management with regression weights of (0.63), the strategic improvisation & strategic renewal together fully mediates the relationship between strategic engineering on projects quality management with an indirect effect of (0.667), and strategic behavior & strategic awareness together moderates the relationship between strategic engineering, strategic improvisation & strategic renewal together and projects quality management, with a change in the determination coefficient of (0.204). The study recommends focusing on usage from strategic management fields, which play a crucial in housing projects quality within the Fund

Keywords

Strategic Engineering Housing Projects Quality Management The Mediating Role The Moderating Role The Housing and Development Fund at the Northern State in Sudan (the Fund)

Spatial Analysis of the Geographical Distribution of Markets in the Capital, Sana'a

Karema Abdullah Ali Al- nowairah, Ali Ahmed Mohamed Ghazwan

259 - 285

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2465

Abstract

This study examines the classification of commercial markets in the capital, Sana'a, and the geographical distribution of these markets at the district and neighborhood levels. It also provides a spatial analysis of this distribution. The study relied on a descriptive and analytical approach, using field surveys and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology and program Spss22 to achieve its objectives. One of the most important findings of the study was that the number of specializations in the Capital Secretariat for the year 2024 AD reached 209 commercial markets distributed among the ten accreditation directorates. The Al-Sab'een Directorate included the largest number of them, 68 commercial markets, representing 32.5% of the total number of markets in the Capital Secretariat. The study also aims to find a strong direct relationship between (population, area) and their number in the Capital Secretariat. It became clear that the distributional division in the capital’s secretariat takes a clustered form, far from random, which requires, in addition to it, the joint spatial and human forces in creating this cluster in its distribution, and that its distribution did not come about by chance.

Keywords

Commercial markets Spatial analysis the ge+ographical distribution

The impact of adherence to governance principles on the financial performance efficiency of Yemeni Islamic banks according to the SCAMELS model (a field and applied study)

Ali Ahmed Ali Al-Ghuthify, Ibrahim Abdulqudos Ahmed Mofadel

286 - 323

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2386

Abstract

The study aimed to examine the impact of compliance with corporate governance principles on the efficiency of financial performance in Yemeni Islamic banks, according to the SCAMELS model.
The research focused on six key governance principles: the existence of an effective and binding governance framework, shareholders’ rights and equitable treatment, the role of regulatory bodies and investors, disclosure and transparency, sustainability and resilience, and the responsibilities of the board of directors — and analyzed the effect of each on financial performance efficiency.
Subsequently, the SCAMELS model was applied, which is based on seven main dimensions: Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, Liquidity, Sensitivity to Market Risk, and Shari’ah Compliance, to measure the financial performance of these banks.

The descriptive–analytical method was employed, and a field study was conducted using a structured questionnaire as the main data collection tool. The study population included employees of Yemeni Islamic banks, specialized staff from the Central Bank of Yemen, and external auditors, with a sample of 275 specialists representing various administrative and supervisory levels. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results revealed a strong positive effect of compliance with governance principles on the financial performance efficiency of Yemeni Islamic banks according to the SCAMELS model. Furthermore, all six governance dimensions significantly contributed to enhancing financial performance, although the degree of their impact varied. The SCAMELS model was also applied to the average performance of Yemeni Islamic banks for the years 2020–2023, showing strong capital adequacy and liquidity, low market risk sensitivity (strong rating), and moderate management efficiency and profitability due to the prevailing economic conditions, along with weak Shariah compliance attributed to insufficient Shariah-related disclosure and transparency.The study recommends adopting the SCAMELS model as a national supervisory benchmark and updating banks’ governance manuals in line with the latest G20/OECD Principles (2023) to align with modern developments in disclosure, sustainability, and risk management.

Keywords

corporate governance SCAMELS financial performance Yemeni Islamic Banks

The twelve-day war between Iran and the Israeli entity

Fawaz Ahmed Mohammed AL Naqash

324 - 339

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2018

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the roots of the escalation in the Iranian-Israeli conflict, which culminated in the Twelve-Day War, by exploring the direct motives and structural causes that led to the outbreak of the confrontation, and assessing the strategic objectives of both sides. The study also addressed the material and human losses of the war on both sides, and its impact on the Iranian nuclear program and the development of missile capabilities. It focused on analyzing the regional and international reactions that reshaped alliances and defined the features of a new balance of power in the region. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical and comparative approach, and concluded that the war represented a strategic shift, as the conflict transitioned from an indirect confrontation to a direct clash, reshaping the rules of engagement. The study demonstrated that the Iranian nuclear program remains a major cause of tension, and that the war, despite its losses, did not achieve either side's objectives, but rather increased the complexity of the security landscape. It also revealed Iran's growing deterrence capabilities, while Israel's perceived military superiority has diminished, making any future confrontation more dangerous. The war also reshaped the regional balance of power, while the causes that sparked the war—most notably the nuclear issue and the balance of deterrence—continue to persist without radical solutions.

Keywords

Iranian-Israeli conflict Twelve-Day War Iranian nuclear program regional balance of power missile deterrence

The Impact of Governance in Achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantage: A Field Study on Yemeni Banks

Mohammed Abdulbaqi Al-Junaid, Abdulrahman Ahmed Mani' Al-Sayeh

340 - 364

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2337

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the impact of corporate governance, with its dimensions (transparency and disclosure, protection of shareholders’ rights, the role of stakeholders, and equitable treatment of shareholders), on achieving sustainable competitive advantage with its dimensions (quality, cost, flexibility, innovation, and customer responsiveness) in Yemeni banks operating in the Capital Secretariat. The research adopted the descriptive–analytical approach, and data were collected through a questionnaire designed for this purpose and distributed to a stratified random sample of 327 employees from senior and executive management levels across 13 Yemeni banks. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results revealed that the level of governance implementation in Yemeni banks was high, and the level of sustainable competitive advantage was also high. Among the competitive advantage dimensions, “quality” ranked first, while “innovation” ranked last.

The findings further indicated a statistically significant effect of governance, in all its dimensions (transparency and disclosure, protection of shareholders’ rights, the role of stakeholders, and equitable treatment of shareholders), on achieving sustainable competitive advantage. Among governance dimensions, the “role of stakeholders” had the strongest effect, followed by “protection of shareholders’ rights,” then “transparency and disclosure,” and finally “equitable treatment of shareholders.” In light of these results, the study recommended several measures, most notably: enhancing transparency and disclosure practices, strengthening mechanisms for protecting shareholders’ rights, involving stakeholders in decision-making, and supporting innovation and investment in financial technology to develop services and enhance the competitiveness of banks in the Yemeni banking environment.

Keywords

Corporate Governance Sustainable Competitive Advantage

The Admissibility of Electronic Evidence and the Judge's Discretionary Authority

Abdulsalam Ahmed Abdullah Al-Ashqri

365 - 384

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2461

Abstract

This research addresses the admissibility of electronic evidence in civil proceedings within the Yemeni legal system, drawing a comparative analysis with the Saudi and Emirati models. The study highlights a significant legislative gap in the Yemeni Law of Evidence concerning digital evidence, which grants judges wide discretionary power. In contrast, it demonstrates how Saudi Arabia and the UAE have adopted comprehensive codification, equating the legal force of digital and traditional written evidence, while establishing clear technical and legal standards The research analyzes the legal and jurisprudential basis for the Yemeni judge's discretionary authority and proposes practical rules for accepting electronic evidence, focusing on verifying the authenticity of the source and the integrity of the content. It concludes that the Yemeni framework, despite partial recognition of electronic evidence in sector-specific laws like the Electronic Payment Act, remains inadequate. The study recommends an urgent amendment to the Yemeni Law of Evidence, benefiting from the leading Gulf experiences to unify judicial practice and enhance legal certainty in the digital age

Keywords

Electronic Evidence Electronic Signature dmissibility Authority

The Historian Ali ibn Muhammad ibn ʿUbayd Allāh Al-Abbasi Al-Alawi (d. 297 AH) and His Historiographical Method in The Statecraft of Imām al-Hādī ilā al-Ḥaqq Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn.

Hamood Abdullah Yahya Al-Ahnoumi

385 -428

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2355

Abstract

This study introduces the historian ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUbayd Allāh al-ʿAbbāsī al-ʿAlawī and examines his work The Life of Imām al-Hādī ilā al-Ḥaqq Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn. It identifies al-ʿAlawī as the true author of the extant version and explores the concept and style of sīra it represents. Using a historical-analytical method, the study analyzes al-ʿAlawī’s approach to collecting, organizing, and critiquing historical events.

The research concludes that this sīra marked a significant development in Zaydī biographical and historical writing in Yemen. Al-ʿAlawī’s methodology is characterized by precision, objectivity, and the use of varied sources, including documentary material and poetry. His interpretive and causal analysis, presented in a coherent chronological structure, positions his work as an early example of analytical historiography in Yemen.

The study recommends further investigation into the influence of al-ʿAlawī’s sīra on later Yemeni and Zaydī historical sources to assess their reliance on his work and its methodological impact. It also calls for comparative studies between al-ʿAlawī’s historiographical approach and those of other contemporary or later historians, aiming to highlight similarities, differences, and unique features that distinguish his contribution to Islamic historical literature.

Keywords

al-ʿAlawī The Statecraft of Imām al-Hādī ilā al-Ḥaqq Zaydism History of Yemen Historical analysis

The Impact of Organizational Development on Total Quality Management in Yemeni Mobile Companies

Abdulaziz Sultan Hasan Saleh, Abdullah Abdullah Al Sanafi

429 - 460

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2407

The Effect of Participatory Planning Approach on Investing Project PerformanceField study on projects invested in in the Capital City Sana'a

Ayedh Abdulhamed Al-Shamiry, Tawfiq Muslih Al-Sanabani

461 - 489

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2240

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the impact of participatory planning on the performance of investment projects within a sample of investment projects in the capital's city Sana’a. A descriptive-analytical technique was employed, and the questionnaire was used as the main tool for data collection. The study population consisted of real estate investment companies, residential towers, and small project financing institutions, totaling (75) companies and institutions, with (1165) individuals. A representative sample of (63) companies and institutions was selected. The questionnaire was distributed to the inspection unit of individuals, which amounted to (289) individuals, and (262) questionnaires were retrieved, with a response rate of (91%) using simple random sampling.

The study found that Participatory planning has an effect on project performance invested in Sana’a’. The findings showed that the performance of investment projects in the capital's secretariat is positively and significantly impacted by the sub-dimensions of participatory planning, including strategic vision, monitoring, and evaluation. On the other hand, no effect on the performance of investment projects in the capital's secretariat was observed for planning and preparation, participatory diagnosis, or approval and endorsement. The findings also showed that the capital's secretariat's investment projects had a high degree of participatory planning and its components, with dimensions ranging from high to medium degrees of achievement, beginning with planning and preparation. followed by strategic vision, strategic diagnosis, monitoring, and evaluation, with approval and endorsement coming in last. On the other hand, it was discovered that investment projects perform well in terms of delivery time, cost, quality, and learning.

The study's conclusion included a number of recommendations, chief among them the need to increase project leadership's knowledge and comprehension of the value of participatory planning and its relevance to the successful completion of different project phases. This can be accomplished by including those who are involved in the implementation in all of its aspects.

Keywords

The impact of planning Project performance

The operational challenges of social protection systems in Yemen -are analyzing the effectiveness of mechanisms in the context of the conflict

Saba Abdul Rahman Abdul Ghani Al - Kharasani

490 - 510

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2326

Contrast and its and bilateral relations in the classical poem in contemporary Yemeni poetry from (2005-2015 AD)

Fairoz Ali Ahmed Ali Al-Matar

511 - 225

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2419

Abstract

This study explores the dynamics, forms, and transformations of antonyms within contemporary Yemeni poetry. It establishes a stylistic framework to uncover internal semantic relationships within the binary oppositions. Adopting the stylistic approach, the research analyzes these texts to highlight structural and semantic aesthetics. The study comprises three sections: Nominal, Synergistic, and Symbolic Antonymy. The sample includes texts from Yassin Muhammad Al-Bakali, Abu Bakr Mahmoud Bajaber, Abdullah Salem Bakerman, and Ibrahim Talha, representing diverse patterns within the traditional "vertical" poem.

Findings reveal antonymy as a complex, interlocking semantic system transcending superficial rhetorical techniques. Instead, it functions as a generator of artistic energy and dynamic dialectics. The study demonstrates that binary relationships operate as an intricate network of oppositions, creating continuous dialectical movement that deepens aesthetic impact and enhances recipient response. As a pioneering work, this represents the first in-depth academic research applying the modern stylistic method to the vertical poem in contemporary Yemeni poetry. It serves as a pivotal starting point for specialized critical studies. Furthermore, the study contributes to enriching critical perspectives on contemporary poetic expression mechanisms and their creative evolution in Yemen, providing an advanced methodological framework applicable to similar studies of complex stylistic phenomena in contemporary Arabic poetry.

Keywords

Contrast binary relationships classical poetry Yemeni poetry

Impact of Unconditional Cash Transfers (UCT) on Household Poverty in Sana’a, Yemen

Faisal Abdullah Ali Darem

226 - 543

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2399

Abstract

This study aims to assess the impact of the Unconditional Cash Transfer (UCT) program on household poverty and living conditions in Sana’a, Yemen, during 2021. For data collection, 133 beneficiaries were selected out of 1,000 households enrolled in the Social Welfare Fund. The collected data were analyzed using a quantitative approach. Findings show that the UCT program positively affected household income, food security, healthcare access, and educational expenditures, while its impact on income-generating activities and structural housing improvements appeared to be limited. The majority of participants reported a high level of satisfaction, with 87% considering the program effective. The study recommends adjusting transfer amounts to meet inflation, complementing UCTs with livelihood support, and integrating cash transfers into broader social protection strategies to maximize impact.

Keywords

Cash Transfer Unconditional Cash Transfer Poverty Social Protection Social Welfare Fund living conditions

The Impact Of Monitoring And Evaluation Practices On Project Success: A Case Study Of Universal Yemen For Logistic Support And Constructions (Ulc) Company

Emad Mohammed H. Mohammed, Wael Alaghbari

544 - 558

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2319

Abstract

In Yemen, most of the projects being implemented by local and international organizations will request the donor agencies to grant them an extension of the project completion deadline. This is due to the fact that the objectives set up for the relevant projects cannot – despite the structure of the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system – be met within the set deadline and allocated budget despite.

This study examines the relationship between M&E practices and project success, using Universal Yemen for Logistic Support & Construction Ltd (ULC) as a case study.

Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 91 ULC employees; 86 valid questionnaires were analysed through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results show that 5 factors on the top ten factors lists of M&E were from monitoring and evaluation tools group. While the M&E process to assist in keeping projects on track was the most significant factor (followed by the M&E process to assist in decision making during projects), technical expertise is also considered an important factor in increasing the monitoring and evaluation process quality.

Findings also show a strong positive correlation between all M&E practice groups and project success, explaining 38.5% of variance in respect to the success of the projects. The M&E staffers' expertise was found to be the strongest predictor, followed by M&E tools and then stakeholder engagement.

The study highlights that M&E should be viewed as a strategic element that enhances project outcomes rather than merely an administrative requirement. Recommendations include investing in capacity building and technical expertise, and resource allocation for M&E.

Keywords

Monitoring and Evaluation Project Success Technical Expertise Stakeholder Engagement ULC Yemen

The Transmuted Kumaraswamy Burr III Distribution:Estimation and Applications

Asma Ali Mohammed Hadi, Ahmed Ali Hurairah

559 - 574

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2350

Abstract

This study introduces a new probability distribution referred to as the Transmuted Kumaraswamy Burr III distribution (KwB III) using the Quadratic Rank Transmuted Map (QRTM) proposed by Shaw et al. (2007). The statistical properties of the distribution were thoroughly invested, including the moments, moment generating function, mean, quantiles and random number generator, Rényi entropy, order statistics and the reliability analysis. A simulation study was carried out to evaluate the performance of the MLEs, and showed that the estimators were nearly unbiased and that the mean squared error (MSE) decreased with increasing sample size, confirming efficiency and consistency.

In addition, the study applied several information criteria, such as -2 log-likelihood (), the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc), and Hannan-Quinn information criterion (HQIC) to evaluate model fit and compare the proposed distribution with existing alternatives. Overall, findings demonstrate that the proposed distribution is flexible, statistically robust, and suitable for modelling various types of data, especially when classical models are inadequate.

Keywords

Burr III distribution Rank Transmutation Map Asymptotic Theory Transmuted Kumaraswamy Burr III distribution Maximum likelihood estimation Information Criterion

Yemeni EFL Students' Attitudes towards Using Mobile Phones for Learning Writing Skills at Sana'a University

Naziha Mohammed Abdallah Al-Soofi, Mohammed Abdu Al-Mekhlafi

575 - 584

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2295

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the attitudes of Yemeni EFL students at Sana'a University towards the use of mobile phones in instruction on writing in English. A quantitative approach was used, with data being collected via a questionnaire administered to 25 second-level students during the academic year 2023-2024. Findings indicated that students had a positive attitude towards using mobile phones for learning writing skills. The findings also indicated statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level between the pre- and post-treatment scores in favor of the post-treatment. In addition, it was found that the highest mean among the three domains of the attitude scale was the Affective domain with a mean of 3.72, followed by the Cognitive domain with a mean of 3.56, and then the Behavioral domain with a mean of 3.30. Based on the findings, the study recommends that teachers dispense with traditional methods of teaching writing and instead adopt more interactive ones. Teachers can utilize technologies such as sophisticated mobile phone applications that can enhance students' motivation for learning and interaction among themselves. Future studies can use student populations from across different universities and schools in Yemen to explore students' attitudes towards the use of mobile phones to learn other language skills.

Keywords

attitudes Yemeni EFL students writing skills mobile phones

Framing the 2023 Gaza War: An Analytical Study of TRT Arabic’s Main News Broadcasts

Sulaiman Saleh Mehdi

585 - 598

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2428

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the framing tactics used by the Turkish channel TRT Arabic when covering the 2023 Israeli war on Gaza. It focuses on the frames used by the channel to present the news items on the 2023 conflict in terms of humanitarian concerns, consequences, responsibility, strategy, and ethics. A quantitative content analysis was conducted of the discursive framing of the 90 news bulletins of TRT Arabic discussing the 2023 Gaza war. The data included news reports and interviews that spanned the 2023 conflict. Results suggest that the channel's news coverage was mainly within the humanitarian frame, which is consistent with Turkey’s official stance on Palestinians' rights. TRT Arabic predominantly used field reporters as information sources and employed framing-based journalism tactics in order to manipulate the news coverage. Some of the tactics included omission, selection, and repetition. Furthermore, TRT Arabic provided a full reconstruction of the war events on the ground, through field reports, log updates, and live or phone interviews. The study then concludes that the channel focused on the war and its effects, using field reporters and selective framing. Common formats were documentary reports and interviews. The findings also demonstrate how the media, even progressive media, can shape public perceptions by choosing to emphasize certain aspects of complex events.

Keywords

2023 Gaza War TRT Arabic News Framing Palestinian-Israeli Conflict Israel-Hamas War Turkish Media

Liquidity, Exchange Rates Issues, and Challenges Affecting the Future of Yemeni Banks: A Quantitative Analysis

Zakaria Saeed Alkindi, Saif Sallam Alhakimi

599- 615

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2142

Abstract

Yemen's prolonged conflict has triggered widespread disruptions in the banking sector, primarily through liquidity shortages and exchange rate instability. These challenges have contributed to operational inefficiencies and heightened financial instability. This study examines the effects of liquidity constraints and currency volatility on the financial performance and systemic stability of Yemeni banks. Data were collected through a structured cross-sectional survey administered to professionals in ten Yemeni commercial banks, with 69 valid responses analyzed.

The study employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression modeling to investigate the relationships between liquidity issues, exchange rate fluctuations, and key banking functions. Results indicate that both liquidity shortages and exchange rate volatility significantly impair banking operations, weaken solvency, and increase exposure to systemic risks. However, the complexity of monetary policy and institutional fragmentation further undermines resilience.

The study underscores the importance of targeted financial reforms and enhanced regulatory capacity. While the findings provide context-specific insights into Yemen’s fragile banking environment, further research using broader macroeconomic data is recommended to support generalization and long-term policy development.

Keywords

Liquidity issues Exchange rate volatility Solvency Future of banks 5. Foreign exchange reserves Yemeni banks

Employabilité des diplômés en langue française au Yémen : entre formation universitaire et réalité professionnelle

Idriss ALHOUREIBI

616 - 630

2026-04-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i4.2415

Abstract

Cette étude vise à évaluer l'employabilité des diplômés en langue française de la faculté des Langues de Sanaa, dans un contexte de crise prolongée. Selon une approche méthodologique mixte, l'analyse des trajectoires professionnelles de 217 diplômés révèle un écart structurel entre une formation purement linguistique et la demande de compétences opérationnelles (techniques et transversales) sur un marché qui marginalise déjà la langue française. Cette discordance fragilise l'insertion professionnelle des diplômés, dont environ 46% sont confrontés à une situation d'insécurité économique (chômage ou emploi instable). Quant aux diplômés actifs, ils occupent majoritairement des postes éloignés de leur « spécialisation », et ce, en adoptant des stratégies proactives telles que la reconversion et l'acquisition de compétences complémentaires.

En conclusion, l'étude préconise, entre autres, une refonte du programme d'études selon un modèle hybride qui inclut, outre l'enseignement du français, une dimension professionnalisante pertinente, tout en favorisant le développement des compétences transversales et un enseignement renforcé de l'anglais

Keywords

Employabilité Diplômés en langue française Stratégies d’adaptation Marché du travail Yémen Contexte en crise

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Volume 5 - Issue 4 - 2026 - Sana'a University Journal of Humanities

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