Phenotypic Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Uropathogenic E. coli Isolated in Sana'a City, Yemen
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Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections pose a significant public health challenge in Yemen, exacerbated by the emergence of extended spectrum -lactamase-producing uropathogenic E. coli. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of extended-spectrum -lactamase-producing uropathogenic E. coli in Sana’a City.
Methods: A cross-sectional study collected 359 urine samples from two major hospitals in Sana’a. Uropathogenic E. coli isolates were identified using standard methods, and ESBL production was confirmed phenotypically using the double-disk synergy test. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined via Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion
Results: Of the samples, 155 (43.1%) were positive for uropathogenic E. coli, with 41.9% (65/155) confirmed as ESBL producers. These isolates exhibited high resistance to ampicillin, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones. Amikacin and meropenem remained the most effective antibiotics. Extended-spectrum -lactamase-producing uropathogenic E. coli infections showed significant associations with comorbidities including diabetes, heart disease, and urinary tract deformities (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant extended spectrum -lactamase-producing uropathogenic E. coli among Yemeni urinary tract infection in Sana’a city underscores the urgent need for routine susceptibility testing and antimicrobial stewardship programs to guide treatment and preserve effective antibiotics.
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