Sana'a University Journal of Human Sciences is a refereed scientific journal issued by Sana'a University. The journal aims to provide a platform for publishing research in accordance with approved international scientific standards, and to improve production and scientific research in the field of human sciences. The journal is issued monthly in electronic version, and accepts papers and research studies written in both Arabic and English.

Honorary president:

Prof. Mohammed Ahmed Al-Bukhaiti
President of Sana'a University

Editor in Chief:

Dr. Hekmat Ahmed Al-Amrani :Editor in Chief of Sana'a University Journal of Human Sciences.

Announcement for International Researchers

2025-02-23

Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): Volume 5, Issue 6, 2026 - Sana'a University Journal of Humanities

Current Issue

Volume 5, Issue 6, 2026 - Sana'a University Journal of Humanities

Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026)

2026-06-28

26 Articles

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Articles

26 Articles

The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Organizational Behavior CitizenshipEmpirical study in Yemeni Telecomunication Sector

Abdullah Al-Zandany, Abdualazeez Al-Mekhlafi

1 - 33

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2545

Fiscal Policy in the Prophetic Era: A Model for Solving Contemporary Economic Crises

Yahya Mohammed Hassan Al-Jiwry

34 - 72

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2723

The effect of using suggested therapeutic exercises in improving the range of motion of lower extremity joints in patients with fractures after surgical

Amro Moqbel Ali Mousa, Essa mosa, Najeb Saleh Mosleh Juaim

73 - 90

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2729

Received by the Sea Carrier at the Port of LoadingA Comparative Analytical Study under Yemeni Law and International Conventions (Brussels – Hamburg – Rotterdam), and the Incoterms 2020 Rules

Murad Hassan Mohammed Amir

91 - 119

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2669

The Role of Assistive Technology in Achieving Self-Learning for Students with Visual Impairments in Yemeni Universities in The Capital, Sana'a

Amal Hassan Abdullah Al-Zubaidi, Hadi Hazam Al-Sarabi

120 - 149

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2436

Abstract

This study investigates the role of assistive technologies in enhancing self-directed learning among visually impaired university students in Sana’a, Yemen. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, data were collected via a questionnaire from 246 students across 17 universities. Findings show that most students rely on smartphones with screen-reading software (89%) and social media applications supporting audio reading (78%), as well as online educational resources such as instructional channels and audio content (52.8%) to support independent learning. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in technology use or learning outcomes based on gender, age, academic level, or type of university. However, differences were significant according to the degree of visual impairment, with students with low vision demonstrating greater benefits. The study highlights that assistive technologies facilitate learning organization, optimize students’ abilities, enhance academic engagement, and promote educational independence. It recommends that universities establish supportive technological infrastructures, provide suitable devices and software, and implement training programs to maximize the effective use of assistive technologies, thereby strengthening their integration into higher education and fostering self-directed learning skills among visually impaired students.

Keywords

Assistive technologies self-directed learning visually impaired students higher education

The impact of identity on Yemeni foreign policy2014-2025

Noha Abdullah Hussein Al-Sadmi

150 - 180

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2790

The Quality of Psychological Life and Its Relationship with Self-Affirmation among Female Students at the Faculty of Education, Sana'a University

Saba Nasser Ali Al-Kumaim

181 - 207

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2357

The Ruling on the Slaughtered Animal of the People of the Book According to Imām Zayd b. ʿAlī(An Analytical Fiqh Reading)

Abdulkarem Mohammed Al-Wadhaf

208 - 218

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2536

Abstract

This study addresses the issue of the slaughter of the People of the Book in the jurisprudence attributed to Imām Zayd b. ʿAlī, as one of the issues where the presentation differed across the early Zaydī sources. The juristic compilations demonstrate the existence of two distinct juristic paths in addressing this matter: one path tends toward prohibition, and another and another presents narratives implying permissibility, conditioned on the pronouncement of God's Name during the act. The study proceeds by collecting the narratives found in the Zaydī sources, analyzing them according to the methodologies of Fiqh study, connecting them to their Qur'anic and Ḥadīth contexts, and comparing them to what is presented in the other schools of jurisprudence. The research also addresses the position of this issue within the structure of Zaydī independent legal reasoning and how the juristic compilations dealt with the discrepancy in the narratives, without attempting to definitively attribute a specific opinion to Imām Zayd himself, except to the extent permitted by the available evidence. The study seeks to offer a descriptive and analytical reading of how this ruling took shape within the school, while highlighting the limits of divergence between the narratives, without favoring or preempting either of the two directions

Keywords

Slaughter of the People of the Book Imām Zayd b. ʿAli Zaydī Jurisprudence al- Juristic Narratives People of the Book

Psychological Capital among Medical and Health Sciences Students at Al-Hodeidah University

Ahlam Ali Thabit Radwan

219 - 240

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2647

legal Guarantee of Acquittal Judgment in Yemeni Legislation

Abdulmalik Mohsen Ali Al-Sumat, Mohammed Rajeh Najad

241 - 257

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2468

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the extent to which the acquittal judgment is guaranteed under Yemeni legislation, which is an important issue in legal studies. The study follows a descriptive-analytical approach to analyze the legal texts.

The study consists of three main sections. The first section examines the acquittal judgment in Yemeni legislation; the second section discusses rehabilitation under Yemeni law; and the third section elaborates on the defendant’s right to compensation within the same legal framework.

The study reveals several key findings, the most significant of which is that the Yemeni legislator affirms the necessity of rehabilitating convicted individuals, as it is legally impermissible to deprive them of their fundamental rights or to prevent them from holding public office. Furthermore, the Yemeni legislator confirms the accused’s right to compensation for any harm suffered as a result of a wrongful conviction or the unlawful actions of any person who caused such conviction and the consequent harm upon them.

The study also offers several recommendations, most notably: the need to amend Article (297) of the Yemeni Code of Criminal Procedure to include the reasons for the judgment, and to amend Article (198) to stipulate “a penalty of imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or a fine of not less than one hundred thousand riyals”. This amendment is proposed because the current provision—stipulating a penalty of one year’s imprisonment or a fine of one thousand riyals —allows media outlets to publish false news intended to defame individuals or disturb public order for a negligible penalty of one thousand riyals.

Keywords

Yemeni legislation Verdict acquittal Rehabilitation Compensation

The Effectiveness of Training Needs Assessment in Improving the Performance of Employees at the Public Corporation for Telecommunications in the Republic of Yemen – Ibb Governorate as a Case Study

Manal Khaled Alezzi Al-Dalaly

258 - 275

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2401

Abstract

The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of identifying training needs in improving the performance of employees at the Public Telecommunications Corporation in the Republic of Yemen – Ibb Governorate as a case study. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical method, and to achieve its objectives and test its hypotheses, a questionnaire was developed to collect data from a sample of 120 male and female employees. Appropriate statistical tests were applied, and the data were processed using the (SPSS) program.

The study reached several findings, the most important of which are: the results indicate that the Public Telecommunications Corporation in Ibb Governorate practices training needs identification with a high level of organization, and the employees demonstrate high performance. The findings further confirm the existence of a statistically significant role of training needs identification in improving the performance of employees at the Public Telecommunications Corporation in Ibb Governorate.

Nevertheless, the results of this study on the Public Telecommunications Corporation in Ibb Governorate indicate performance that is above the general average mentioned in government reports, which may reflect the uniqueness of the corporation or a recent development in its methods. To achieve the objectives of the study and test its hypotheses, a questionnaire was developed to collect data from a sample of 120 male and female employees, and appropriate statistical methods were applied using the SPSS program.

Keywords

Training Needs Job Performance Public Corporation for Telecommunications Republic of Yemen Ibb Governorate (Yemen)

Privacy of deflation procedures in economic crimes in Yemeni law

Mohammed Ahmed Ahmed Al-khazzan

276 - 292

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2562

مدى التزام المنشآت المالية العاملة في الجمهورية اليمنية بمعالجة الأحداث بعد فترة التقرير وفقًا لمتطلبات معيار المحاسبة الدولي رقم (10) - دراسة ميدانية

Mohammad Talib Qaid Ghilan AL-Salehi

293 - 333

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2581

Abstract

The study aimed to examine the extent to which financial institutions operating in the Republic of Yemen comply with the treatment of events after the reporting period in accordance with the requirements of International Accounting Standard (IAS) No. 10. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and conducted a field study using a questionnaire as the primary tool for data collection. The study population included employees of five Islamic banks, four governmental and mixed banks, five private commercial banks, three microfinance banks, and eight independent electronic wallets, in addition to specialized staff at the Central Bank of Yemen and external auditors of Yemeni entities..

The study relied on a sample of 167 specialists working in financial management and internal audit departments, as well as experts from the Central Bank of Yemen and external auditors of Yemeni entities. Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS to reach the study’s findings. The most significant findings indicated that financial institutions in the Republic of Yemen comply with the treatment of events after the reporting period (both adjusting and non-adjusting events) in accordance with IAS 10 requirements. Moreover, the results confirmed that financial institutions adhere to appropriate disclosures in their annual reports, consistent with the standard’s requirements.

Keywords

International Accounting Standard (IAS 10) Events After the Reporting Period Yemeni Financial Institutions

Criminal Liability for Criminal Attempt

Khaled Nasser Mohammed Al-Maqsai

334 - 353

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2633

Abstract

This study aims to examine the crime of attempt in Yemeni criminal legislation through an analytical and comparative approach, with reference to selected Arab legislations and Islamic jurisprudence. The importance of the study stems from the doctrinal and practical debate surrounding the legal nature of criminal attempt and the criteria distinguishing it from preparatory acts and completed crimes, particularly given the large number of cases brought before courts in which the criminal result has not been achieved. The research problem lies in the absence of precise legislative regulation of the concept of attempt under Yemeni law, in contrast to some Arab legislations that provide clearer definitions and more

specific standards for determining the commencement of execution. Moreover, doctrinal regarding the distinction between preparatory acts and criminal attempt have contributed to difficulties in judicial application. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical method to examine relevant Yemeni legal texts, alongside a comparative method analyzing the Syrian, Iraqi, Kuwaiti, and Algerian legislations, in addition to a jurisprudential approach addressing the position of Islamic jurisprudence. The study concludes that criminal attempt is established by the commencement of executing an act intended to bring about the criminal result, which fails to occur due to an external cause beyond the offender’s will, and that criminal intent in attempt is identical to that required for a completed crime. The study recommends clarifying the concept

of attempt legislatively, developing evidentiary mechanisms, and strengthening the legal response to emerging forms of attempt, particularly.

Keywords

Attempt Stage of criminal conduct Limits of the incomplete act Conditions for the realization of attempt Punishment of attempt

Purchasing behavior of Yemeni consumers for products advertised by celebrities through social media

Dirham Amin Ahmed Yahya Al-Warafi, Abdul Rahim Al-Shawari

354 - 385

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2525

Prophetic Leadership and the Challenges of Building the Medina State(An Analytical Study)

Abdullah Hassan Mohammed Al-Hamran

386 - 421

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2557

Abstract

The study aims to highlight two key dimensions of the Prophetic experience in state-building. The first concerns Prophetic leadership and the construction of the state of Madinah, through examining and analyzing the concepts of leadership and state-building, as well as addressing Prophetic leadership in terms of its defining characteristics and its political dimension.

The second dimension is devoted to reviewing, studying, and analyzing the challenges that confronted Prophetic leadership in its endeavor to establish the state of Madinah, the manner in which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) faced and dealt with these challenges, and the presence of divine providence in supporting him in confronting them. To this end, the researcher employed two methodological approaches: the historical method and the inductive method, in addition to content analysis as an analytical technique.

The study concludes by crystallizing the concepts of leadership and the building of the state of Madinah, and by demonstrating that Prophetic leadership constituted a unique model of realistic leadership, grounded in an accurate reading of reality, an ethical and value-based exercise of authority, and the establishment of institutions. This, in turn, enabled the transition of the Madinan society from a tribal structure to a state-based structure.

One of the most important recommendations of the study is the need to draw inspiration from the outstanding Prophetic experience in building a contemporary Islamic institutional state, and to invoke the exemplary qualities of Prophetic leadership when selecting leadership for such a state, without the necessity of reverting to Western criteria

Keywords

Messenger of God Prophetic leadership State building Challenges Providence

Proactive leadership practices among academic leaders at Sana'a University

Mamdouh Saleh Mohammed Salem Al-Sadah, Abdul Khaliq Mohammed Saeed Al-Duais

422 - 453

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2290

Civil Protection of Trade Secrets from Unfair Competition and Its Implications in Yemeni Law: A Comparative Study with International Agreements

Abdul Latif Ali Eidhah Hussein Al-Ayyani

454 - 490

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2631

The role of business incubators in enhancing the sustainability of entrepreneurial startups operating in the capital city of Sana'a, Yemen.

Khaled Mohammed Abdulwahab Shaiban, Senan Ghaleb Redhwan Al-Marhadhi

491 - 520

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2661

"The Name Muhammad in the Qur'anA Linguistic Structure and Socio-Religious Significance Study"

Sukaina Ahmed Hashem, Mohammed Nasser Humaid

521 - 551

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2476

Abstract

"This research aims to investigate the function of the proper noun 'Muhammad' in every verse where it is mentioned in the Holy Qur'an. To achieve this, we have adopted an analytical methodology that focuses on examining structural elements and their various branches. Furthermore, we utilized certain characteristics of the structuralist and descriptive approaches whenever it was necessary to describe linguistic synthetic phenomena and their connotations prior to the primary analysis.

This abstract highlights several key findings, including: the proper noun 'Muhammad' appears in the Holy Qur'an four times, rather than five as some scholars suggest. This is because the fifth instance is the title of the Surah itself, which is not considered a numbered verse; moreover, classical exegetes did not address it as part of their textual analysis of the verses.

The study also reveals that the five exegetes consulted did not explicitly state the reason for the specific choice of the name 'Muhammad' in these verses over other names and attributes abundant in the Qur'an. In our view—and Allah knows best—the name 'Muhammad' was chosen to emphasize, with profound emotional resonance, that the one most beloved and near to his Lord is ultimately a human being. Had immortality been granted to any mortal or bestowed upon any servant of Allah, it would have been the Prophet Muhammad (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him and his family)."

Keywords

The Holy Qur’an Muhammad Selection of the proper noun Muhammad utes in the studied verses

The Role of Digital Transformation in Enhancingthe Quality of Yemeni Banking Services

Mohammed Nadhim A. S. Aldobaie, Ahmed Ahmed Alrahomi

552 - 580

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2438

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the role of digital transformation—represented by its dimensions (technology, process digitization, digital strategy, human resources, and data)—in improving the quality of banking services across its dimensions (reliability, tangibility, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy) in Yemeni banks located in the Capital Secretariat, Sana’a. The study adopted a quantitative approach, employing a descriptive methodology with analytical and correlational designs. And a questionnaire was used as the primary tool for data collection from bank employees working in supervisory and operational positions. The sample consisted of 405 employees, after distributing 450 questionnaires to all banks operating in the Capital Secretariat, using a proportional stratified random sampling technique to ensure representation of all job levels.

The findings revealed that digital transformation plays a significant role in improving the quality of banking services. The data dimension had the strongest impact on service quality, followed by human resources and technology, while the dimensions of process digitization and digital strategy showed no statistically significant effect. The results also showed that digital transformation explains 75% of the variance in the quality of banking services. The study recommended that Yemeni banks focus on strengthening data systems and analytics, developing human resource capabilities in digital transformation, improving technological infrastructure, and enhancing both digitization and digital strategy to provide higher-quality and more efficient services and to expand digital service delivery for all target segments.

Conclusions

The findings of the study indicate that digital transformation plays a positive role in improving the quality of services in Yemeni banks, and that this role varies across its different dimensions. The data dimension had the strongest impact on service quality, followed by human resources and digital technologies, highlighting the importance of developing data systems, enhancing employee capabilities, and improving the technological infrastructure. In contrast, the dimensions of process digitization and digital strategy showed no significant effect, reflecting the need to strengthen their implementation in the banks under study.

Keywords

Digital transformation Banking service quality Yemeni banks

The concept of compensation for service-related errors in Islamic law and jurisprudence, and the rules for assessing it

Abdulkarim Abdullah Mohammed Ghaleb Al-Dhafri, Abdul-Mumin Shuja' al-Din, Abdul-Mumin Shuja' al-Din

581 - 600

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2556

An Analytical Economic Study of Fish Production in Yemen During the Period 1990-2021

. Marzooq A Mohsen, Ali Alysani

601 - 626

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2019

Abstract

The study aimed to provide a rigorous economic analysis of fishery production in Yemen from 1990 to 2021. It highlighted the sector’s potential to enhance food security and national income, as well as its strategic importance. The fisheries sector contributes approximately 1.7% to the gross domestic product (GDP) and provides employment for approximately 700,000 people. Despite its extensive coastline and rich marine resources, Yemen's fishery production remains low, averaging only 159,258 tons per year. This figure is significantly below the sector’s sustainable capacity of 500,000 tons per year without compromising fish stock levels.

The results showed that the average fish production reached approximately 159,258 tons annually during the study period, with a general upward trend at an annual growth rate of 2.54%. However, the production efficiency of both fishermen and boats declined significantly. The productivity per fisherman dropped from 4.64 tons per fisherman in 2003 to 1.11 tons in 2018, and boat efficiency also deteriorated. The study attributes this decline to structural challenges such as lack of modern knowledge, absence of government support, high fishing costs, and the impact of the Conflict in Yemen, which has hindered access to fishing areas.

The study employed standard econometric models to estimate the impact of several economic variables (number of fishermen, number of boats, prices, consumption, and imports), in addition to a dummy variable reflecting the impact of the Conflict against production since 2015. The results revealed statistically significant positive relationships between production and both the number of fishermen and local consumption. Meanwhile, the model showed that the Conflict led to a 39.4% decrease in production, equivalent to a productivity loss of approximately 60,000 tons per year.

The study adopted a double-logarithmic model that explained 91% of the variations in fish production, making it a highly efficient model for interpreting the Yemeni reality. The study recommends formulating national strategies for the recovery of the fisheries sector, including supporting fishermen, developing infrastructure, and ensuring maritime security, in order to achieve food security and sustainable development.

Keywords

Fish Production Fishermen's Productivity Econometric Model Economic Analysis Dummy Variable Double-Logarithmic Model

Positive and Negative Behaviours in The Content of Online platforms for Preschool children's“An analytical study”

Manal.T Al-Waleed, Mohammed Albdulwahab Alfakeh Kafi

627 - 664

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2434

Cultural Manipulation of Children’s Literature Dubbing: A Translation Quality Assessment of Extralinguistic Cultural References in The Simpsons

Afnan Ali Mohammed i An-Nahar, . Ibraheem N. A Tagaddeen

665 - 677

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2673

Abstract

The audiovisual translation of animated content involves a complex interplay between linguistic accuracy and cultural acceptability, especially when the source text is rich with cultural items and the target audience includes children. This study therefore aimed to investigate the cultural manipulation of the Arabic dubbing of the animated cartoon The Simpsons to create a dubbed version that suits Arab children. Using Pedersen’s (2017) FAR model of Translation Quality Assessment, the study aimed to assess how the extralinguistic cultural references (ECRs) are transferred, adapted, or obscured in the Arabic dubbed version of the series. To achieve these objectives, a mixed-methods approach is followed combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The study sample included 11 examples selected purposefully from the first and second seasons of The Simpsons. A high frequency of dubbing errors was found in the Arabic dubbed version, particularly in terms of the functional equivalence parameter, with a rate of 63.63%. Regarding the acceptability parameter, grammar and idiomaticity errors were observed, with a rate of 42.42%. Given the nature of the medium of communication (i.e. spoken discourse) to be evaluated, the two parameters of spelling errors and readability were excluded from the analysis due to their irrelevancy. This study then concluded with a recommendation for a quality assurance mechanism designed to safeguard target Arab children from harmful foreign cultural elements by effectively domesticating such elements into an appropriate local narrative.

Keywords

Cultural Manipulation Dubbing Children’s Literature Pedersen's (2017) FAR Model Extralinguistic Cultural References

Text Type-Based Assessment of Arabic Translation of the Novel The Catcher in the Rye

Rasheeda Mohammed Ibrahim Musawa, Yahya Mohammed Ali Al-Marrani

678 - 695

2026-06-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v5i6.2151

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