This paper investigates the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G networks, focusing on coverage enhancement and reduction of Operational Expenditures (OPEX). A conceptual AI-Self Organizing Networks (SON) framework integrated with O RAN architecture is proposed, and an illustrative Python-based simulation is conducted to demonstrate potential trends in coverage probability, energy consumption, and estimated OPEX savings. The simulation results indicate that AI-SON can achieve near-optimal coverage (coverage probability 0.9985) while reducing energy usage and maintenance costs, with an estimated OPEX reduction of 2030% compared to baseline strategies. The study clarifies that the simulation is illustrative and not experimentally validated, providing a foundation for future rigorous evaluations.
Mohamed Hankal (المؤلف) (2026). AI-Driven Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G OPEX Reduction: A Comprehensive Survey and Conceptual Framework. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 1496-1506. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i1.2291
Mohamed Hankal (المؤلف). “AI-Driven Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G OPEX Reduction: A Comprehensive Survey and Conceptual Framework.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 1496-1506. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i1.2291. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Mohamed Hankal (المؤلف). 2026. “AI-Driven Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G OPEX Reduction: A Comprehensive Survey and Conceptual Framework.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 1496-1506. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i1.2291
Mohamed Hankal (المؤلف) (2026) ‘AI-Driven Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G OPEX Reduction: A Comprehensive Survey and Conceptual Framework’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 1496-1506. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i1.2291
@article{jast2026_art2291,
author = {Mohamed Hankal (المؤلف)},
title = {AI-Driven Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G OPEX Reduction: A Comprehensive Survey and Conceptual Framework},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {يناير}, pages = {1496-1506}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i1.2291},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i1.2291},}
AI-Driven Self-Organizing Networks (SON) for 5G OPEX Reduction: A Comprehensive Survey and Conceptual Framework
Effective maintenance strategies are critical for ensuring efficiency, reliability, and sustainability in the cement industry, where equipment downtime significantly affect productivity and costs. This study evaluates existing maintenance practices in Yemeni cement factories and proposes an optimized strategy using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A mixed-methods design combined survey data from 118 professionals with case studies from three cement plants. The findings reveal a predominant reliance on Corrective Maintenance (CM) owing to technological and training limitations, while Preventive Maintenance (PM) is inconsistently applied. By contrast, predictive maintenance (PdM) and Proactive Maintenance (PrM), though demonstrably more effective, remain un-derutilized. The AHP model prioritizes key operational criteria—productivity, cost, reliability, and availability and identifies PrM as the highest ranked strategy because of its superior benefits in enhancing reliability and productivity. This research advocates for a phased transition toward PdM/PrM, recommending strategic investments in scalable technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled condition monitoring and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven analytics, alongside government-supported training initiatives. By adapting the AHP framework to a conflict-affected setting, this study provides a replicable blueprint for industries in fragile economies. Future research could expand the AHP model to include environmental and social criteria, apply it across other industrial sectors in Yemen, and conduct longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impact of the recommended strategies.
Hafed Al Nabhani، Khalil Al-Hatab (المؤلف) (2025). Analyzing Maintenance Strategies and Development of a Model for Strategy Formulation – A Case Study of Cement Industry. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 1387-1397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i6.2171
Hafed Al Nabhani، Khalil Al-Hatab (المؤلف). “Analyzing Maintenance Strategies and Development of a Model for Strategy Formulation – A Case Study of Cement Industry.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2025, pp. 1387-1397. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i6.2171. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Hafed Al Nabhani، Khalil Al-Hatab (المؤلف). 2025. “Analyzing Maintenance Strategies and Development of a Model for Strategy Formulation – A Case Study of Cement Industry.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 1387-1397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i6.2171
Hafed Al Nabhani، Khalil Al-Hatab (المؤلف) (2025) ‘Analyzing Maintenance Strategies and Development of a Model for Strategy Formulation – A Case Study of Cement Industry’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 1387-1397. doi: 10.59628/jast.v3i6.2171
@article{jast2025_art2171,
author = {Hafed Al Nabhani، Khalil Al-Hatab (المؤلف)},
title = {Analyzing Maintenance Strategies and Development of a Model for Strategy Formulation – A Case Study of Cement Industry},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2025}, month = {ديسمبر}, pages = {1387-1397}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v3i6.2171},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i6.2171},}
Analyzing Maintenance Strategies and Development of a Model for Strategy Formulation – A Case Study of Cement Industry
Over time, various architectural trends evolved and became categorized as contemporary architecture. Despite the existence of contemporary mythological architectural examples, a discernible vision for integrating the mythological fourth dimension into contemporary architecture is notably absent, which constitutes the core research problem. Consequently, the aim of the research focuses on proposing a vision for employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in contemporary architecture. To achieve this aim, the descriptive method was adopted to analyze theoretical concepts, the analytical method was used to illustrate the mythological fourth dimension in buildings from various contemporary architectural currents and the comparative method was employed to compare the mythology of buildings within contemporary architectural currents with mosque architecture. This process led to the proposal of a vision that employs the fourth mythological dimension into contemporary architecture, culminating in results and recommendations that contribute to the application of the proposed vision. Among the most significant findings is that architectural projects incorporating the mythological fourth dimension gain exceptional tourist appeal and stimulate the local economy through tourism. Furthermore, integrating the mythological fourth dimension into contemporary architecture is an effective strategy for revitalizing and disseminating a community's heritage, values, and beliefs.
Marina Abdulla Mohammed Al Banna، Mohamed Ahmed Sallam Al Madhaji (المؤلف) (2025). Employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in Contemporary Architecture Keeping Pace and Belonging. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 1056-1083. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1850
Marina Abdulla Mohammed Al Banna، Mohamed Ahmed Sallam Al Madhaji (المؤلف). “Employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in Contemporary Architecture Keeping Pace and Belonging.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2025, pp. 1056-1083. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1850. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Marina Abdulla Mohammed Al Banna، Mohamed Ahmed Sallam Al Madhaji (المؤلف). 2025. “Employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in Contemporary Architecture Keeping Pace and Belonging.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 1056-1083. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1850
Marina Abdulla Mohammed Al Banna، Mohamed Ahmed Sallam Al Madhaji (المؤلف) (2025) ‘Employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in Contemporary Architecture Keeping Pace and Belonging’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 1056-1083. doi: 10.59628/jast.v3i5.1850
@article{jast2025_art1850,
author = {Marina Abdulla Mohammed Al Banna، Mohamed Ahmed Sallam Al Madhaji (المؤلف)},
title = {Employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in Contemporary Architecture Keeping Pace and Belonging},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2025}, month = {أكتوبر}, pages = {1056-1083}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v3i5.1850},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1850},}
Employing the Mythological Fourth Dimension in Contemporary Architecture Keeping Pace and Belonging
A GIS-based Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) approach was used to estimate surface-runoff potential in Yemen’s arid Abyan Delta (∼1,237 km2). Sentinel-2 (10 m) imagery was classified into major land-cover types and combined with hydrologic soil groups (HYSOGs) to assign CN values under Antecedent Moisture Condition II. The composite CN map (67–100; mean = 91.8) indicates limited infiltration across large areas of bare or impervious surfaces on clayey soils. Using the standard SCS-CN equations, event runoff was simulated for representative storm depths of 74, 124, and 174 mm. The model produced direct-runoff depths of ∼52, 100, and 150 mm, corresponding to runoff coefficients of ∼71%, 81%, and 86%, and basin-wide volumes of 0.65, 1.24, and 1.85 × 108 m3, respectively. Spatial attribution shows that high-CN zones (notably barren HSG-C/D units and built-up/roads) generate most of the runoff despite covering a smaller fraction of the delta. The results identify priority areas for spate-irrigation, retention, and recharge interventions, and provide a reproducible baseline for flood-risk reduction and water-harvesting planning in data-scarce drylands. The workflow can be readily updated with improved soils, land-use, or climate inputs to support adaptive management.
Sady Alsady، Marwan Al-Badani، Zamzam Mubarak (المؤلف) (2025). Estimating Surface Runoff Potential in the Abyan Delta, Yemen Using GIS-Based SCS-Curve Number Method. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 1164-1170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1987
Sady Alsady، Marwan Al-Badani، Zamzam Mubarak (المؤلف). “Estimating Surface Runoff Potential in the Abyan Delta, Yemen Using GIS-Based SCS-Curve Number Method.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2025, pp. 1164-1170. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1987. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Sady Alsady، Marwan Al-Badani، Zamzam Mubarak (المؤلف). 2025. “Estimating Surface Runoff Potential in the Abyan Delta, Yemen Using GIS-Based SCS-Curve Number Method.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 1164-1170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1987
Sady Alsady، Marwan Al-Badani، Zamzam Mubarak (المؤلف) (2025) ‘Estimating Surface Runoff Potential in the Abyan Delta, Yemen Using GIS-Based SCS-Curve Number Method’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 1164-1170. doi: 10.59628/jast.v3i5.1987
@article{jast2025_art1987,
author = {Sady Alsady، Marwan Al-Badani، Zamzam Mubarak (المؤلف)},
title = {Estimating Surface Runoff Potential in the Abyan Delta, Yemen Using GIS-Based SCS-Curve Number Method},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2025}, month = {أكتوبر}, pages = {1164-1170}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v3i5.1987},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1987},}
Estimating Surface Runoff Potential in the Abyan Delta, Yemen Using GIS-Based SCS-Curve Number Method
![Geological map of the study area and its surroundings [20].](https://journals.su.edu.ye/public/journals/5/submission_2366_2366_coverImage_ar.png)
Sana’a City has experienced rapid urban expansion, increasing the demand for high-quality construction materials. This study presents the first systematic engineering evaluation of crushed basaltic rocks from a selected economically significant site south of Sana’a, Yemen, assessing their suitability as coarse aggregate for concrete production. Comprehensive laboratory investigations were conducted, including chemical (XRF), physical, and mechanical tests in accordance with international standards. The basaltic aggregates exhibited excellent engineering properties, with low Aggregate Impact Value (AIV ≈ 8.96%), low Los Angeles Abrasion Value (LAV ≈ 12.22%), and low water absorption (≈ 1.17%), indicating high strength, durability, and low porosity. All measured parameters complied with ASTM and BS specifications. Concrete produced using these aggregates achieved a 28-day compressive strength of 38.4 MPa, increasing to 45.9 MPa at 180 days, while the estimated modulus of elasticity ranged between 31.95 and 32.94 GPa. The results confirm that the South Sana’a basalt represents a high-quality and durable source of coarse aggregate for structural concrete production.
Ahmed M. Al-Anweh، Ibrahim A. Al-Akhaly (المؤلف) (2026). Evaluation of Crushed Basaltic Rocks as Coarse Aggregate, at Selected Site South Sana’a, Yemen: Properties and Concrete Performance. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2075-2087. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i5.2366
Ahmed M. Al-Anweh، Ibrahim A. Al-Akhaly (المؤلف). “Evaluation of Crushed Basaltic Rocks as Coarse Aggregate, at Selected Site South Sana’a, Yemen: Properties and Concrete Performance.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 2075-2087. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i5.2366. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Ahmed M. Al-Anweh، Ibrahim A. Al-Akhaly (المؤلف). 2026. “Evaluation of Crushed Basaltic Rocks as Coarse Aggregate, at Selected Site South Sana’a, Yemen: Properties and Concrete Performance.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 2075-2087. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i5.2366
Ahmed M. Al-Anweh، Ibrahim A. Al-Akhaly (المؤلف) (2026) ‘Evaluation of Crushed Basaltic Rocks as Coarse Aggregate, at Selected Site South Sana’a, Yemen: Properties and Concrete Performance’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 2075-2087. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i5.2366
@article{jast2026_art2366,
author = {Ahmed M. Al-Anweh، Ibrahim A. Al-Akhaly (المؤلف)},
title = {Evaluation of Crushed Basaltic Rocks as Coarse Aggregate, at Selected Site South Sana’a, Yemen: Properties and Concrete Performance},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {مايو}, pages = {2075-2087}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i5.2366},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i5.2366},}
Evaluation of Crushed Basaltic Rocks as Coarse Aggregate, at Selected Site South Sana’a, Yemen: Properties and Concrete Performance
Selecting a railway route location is a complex task that requires significant time and effort. This study outlines the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to define the best path and compare it with the proposed tracks. The route starts from Mosul in northern Iraq and ends in Fishkhabour near the Iraqi-Syrian-Turkish border. The preferred path was identified based on a set of spatial criteria. With the aid of a group of decision-makers and experts in railway design and transportation planning, a questionnaire was created to highlight the relative relevance of the location criteria. This was carried out using pairwise comparisons after creating a hierarchical framework to assess the criteria of the criteria. The outcomes of the relative importance criterion showed that the highest relative importance was for water sources, which amounted to 29.7%, while the environmental impact criterion had the lowest value of 6.9%. An equivalent cost surface was formulated, and the route path was determined using various maps and a unique framework for data analysis on the adjusted surface. The prepared route path reduces the worthy cost surface by up to 63% compared with the other routes suggested by the General Company for Iraqi Railways. Earthworks, intersections with irrigation canals and valleys, and path length were also considered to determine the best route. The study showed that the path prepared using the analytical hierarchy process and GIS techniques was the preferred path.
Ayman A. Abdulmawjoud، Aseel Ibrahim Matti (المؤلف) (2026). Evaluation of Proposed Railroad Tracks Compared with an Optimized Route Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS Techniques. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2355-2366. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3121
Ayman A. Abdulmawjoud، Aseel Ibrahim Matti (المؤلف). “Evaluation of Proposed Railroad Tracks Compared with an Optimized Route Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS Techniques.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 2355-2366. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3121. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Ayman A. Abdulmawjoud، Aseel Ibrahim Matti (المؤلف). 2026. “Evaluation of Proposed Railroad Tracks Compared with an Optimized Route Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS Techniques.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 2355-2366. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3121
Ayman A. Abdulmawjoud، Aseel Ibrahim Matti (المؤلف) (2026) ‘Evaluation of Proposed Railroad Tracks Compared with an Optimized Route Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS Techniques’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 2355-2366. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i7.3121
@article{jast2026_art3121,
author = {Ayman A. Abdulmawjoud، Aseel Ibrahim Matti (المؤلف)},
title = {Evaluation of Proposed Railroad Tracks Compared with an Optimized Route Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS Techniques},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {يوليو}, pages = {2355-2366}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i7.3121},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3121},}
Evaluation of Proposed Railroad Tracks Compared with an Optimized Route Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS Techniques
Heliostat tracking deviation is one of the optical factors that becomes more visible when the performance of a solar-tower CSP plant is examined over a full year. In this paper, a 100 MW molten-salt solar-tower plant with 8 hours of thermal storage in Al Hudaydah, Yemen, was studied. A baseline annual run was generated in SAM, and the 8760 hourly outputs were then used in MATLAB to compare conventional tracking with PID and Mamdani fuzzy supervisory tracking. The angular-error model was not taken from field measurements; it was introduced as a common simulation disturbance so that the three cases could be compared under the same plant data. The PID and fuzzy supervisors were given the same correction limit, and electricity produced from stored heat was kept in the annual output. Since SAM does not directly resolve the pentagonal mirror shape, the field was treated through equivalent area and optical parameters. According to the fuzzy supervisor, the annual results showed that, in the higher energy output, the generation increased from 384.91 GWh to 389.95 GWh. Reaching 388.05 GWh, PID controller main advantage appeared in the tracking-error response as the variation decreased. Accordingly, fuzzy supervision is suitable for annual generation while PID is better for tracking stability.
Hajer Ali Al-Maqaleh، Radwan Al-Bouthigy، Abdul Malik Momin (المؤلف) (2026). Fuzzy Supervisory Tracking Control for a Solar-Tower CSP Plant with an Equivalent-Area Pentagonal Heliostat Field: A Case Study of Al Hudaydah, Yemen. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2497-2507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3282
Hajer Ali Al-Maqaleh، Radwan Al-Bouthigy، Abdul Malik Momin (المؤلف). “Fuzzy Supervisory Tracking Control for a Solar-Tower CSP Plant with an Equivalent-Area Pentagonal Heliostat Field: A Case Study of Al Hudaydah, Yemen.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 2497-2507. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3282. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Hajer Ali Al-Maqaleh، Radwan Al-Bouthigy، Abdul Malik Momin (المؤلف). 2026. “Fuzzy Supervisory Tracking Control for a Solar-Tower CSP Plant with an Equivalent-Area Pentagonal Heliostat Field: A Case Study of Al Hudaydah, Yemen.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 2497-2507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3282
Hajer Ali Al-Maqaleh، Radwan Al-Bouthigy، Abdul Malik Momin (المؤلف) (2026) ‘Fuzzy Supervisory Tracking Control for a Solar-Tower CSP Plant with an Equivalent-Area Pentagonal Heliostat Field: A Case Study of Al Hudaydah, Yemen’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 2497-2507. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i9.3282
@article{jast2026_art3282,
author = {Hajer Ali Al-Maqaleh، Radwan Al-Bouthigy، Abdul Malik Momin (المؤلف)},
title = {Fuzzy Supervisory Tracking Control for a Solar-Tower CSP Plant with an Equivalent-Area Pentagonal Heliostat Field: A Case Study of Al Hudaydah, Yemen},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {سبتمبر}, pages = {2497-2507}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i9.3282},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3282},}
Fuzzy Supervisory Tracking Control for a Solar-Tower CSP Plant with an Equivalent-Area Pentagonal Heliostat Field: A Case Study of Al Hudaydah, Yemen
استكشف التعليقات والتصحيحات والنقد والروابط العلمية الأخرى.
The critical role of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management in supporting construction project success is especially evident in fragile contexts such as Yemen. This study identifies the key factors affecting the success of OHS management during the implementation of construction projects executed by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Sana’a and explores the main challenges that hinder effective implementation. A quantitative design was employed using a closed-ended questionnaire derived from the requirements of ISO 45001:2018, which was distributed to professionals involved in NGO construction projects. Participants were selected through purposive (non-probability) sampling methods. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed, and 171 valid responses were received and included in the analysis, yielding a response rate of 44.5%. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The instrument demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.972). The results indicate that top management commitment, strengthening the OHS culture, and allocating adequate resources are the most influential factors associated with successful OHS management. The most critical implementation challenges were related to the social and cultural context and the provision of personal protective equipment. This study recommends institutionalizing ISO 45001-based OHS management systems in NGO construction projects, strengthening leadership accountability, and ensuring adequate resourcing, training, and monitoring to improve OHS performance in construction projects in Yemen.
Ebtesam M. H. Al-Maance، Fadhl A. S. Al-Nozaily، Tarek A. Barakat (المؤلف) (2026). Identifying the Key Factors Affecting the Success of Occupational Health and Safety Management during the Implementation of Construction Projects for NGOs in Sana’a, Yemen. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2487-2496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.2942
Ebtesam M. H. Al-Maance، Fadhl A. S. Al-Nozaily، Tarek A. Barakat (المؤلف). “Identifying the Key Factors Affecting the Success of Occupational Health and Safety Management during the Implementation of Construction Projects for NGOs in Sana’a, Yemen.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 2487-2496. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.2942. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Ebtesam M. H. Al-Maance، Fadhl A. S. Al-Nozaily، Tarek A. Barakat (المؤلف). 2026. “Identifying the Key Factors Affecting the Success of Occupational Health and Safety Management during the Implementation of Construction Projects for NGOs in Sana’a, Yemen.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 2487-2496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.2942
Ebtesam M. H. Al-Maance، Fadhl A. S. Al-Nozaily، Tarek A. Barakat (المؤلف) (2026) ‘Identifying the Key Factors Affecting the Success of Occupational Health and Safety Management during the Implementation of Construction Projects for NGOs in Sana’a, Yemen’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 2487-2496. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i9.2942
@article{jast2026_art2942,
author = {Ebtesam M. H. Al-Maance، Fadhl A. S. Al-Nozaily، Tarek A. Barakat (المؤلف)},
title = {Identifying the Key Factors Affecting the Success of Occupational Health and Safety Management during the Implementation of Construction Projects for NGOs in Sana’a, Yemen},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {سبتمبر}, pages = {2487-2496}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i9.2942},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.2942},}
Identifying the Key Factors Affecting the Success of Occupational Health and Safety Management during the Implementation of Construction Projects for NGOs in Sana’a, Yemen
Mineral filler selection significantly influences the mechanical performance and economic efficiency of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). This study evaluates two locally available Yemeni fillers, Bajil limestone and Sana’a basalt, to identify a technically and economically optimal alternative for pavement construction. Marshall mix design and standardized laboratory tests were conducted to assess stability, flow, volumetric properties, optimum asphalt content (OAC), and moisture susceptibility. Results indicate that the limestone mixture achieved an OAC of (3.8%), compared to (4.8%) for the basalt mixture, representing a 21% reduction in asphalt binder demand and substantial cost savings. Although basalt provided slightly higher Marshall stability, both mixtures satisfied specification requirements. The limestone mix demonstrated superior moisture resistance, achieving a tensile strength ratio of (90.7%) compared to (82.6%) for basalt. Overall, Bajil limestone provides adequate mechanical performance, improved durability, and enhanced economic efficiency, making it a practical and sustainable alternative filler for asphalt pavement applications in Yemen.
Salman Al-Nuwairah، Abdlsalam AL-Thawr، Ali Rajeh (المؤلف) (2026). Influence of Filler Type on Hot Mix Asphalt Properties: Performance Assessment of Bajil Limestone and Sana’a Basalt. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 1881-1889. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i3.2725
Salman Al-Nuwairah، Abdlsalam AL-Thawr، Ali Rajeh (المؤلف). “Influence of Filler Type on Hot Mix Asphalt Properties: Performance Assessment of Bajil Limestone and Sana’a Basalt.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 1881-1889. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i3.2725. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Salman Al-Nuwairah، Abdlsalam AL-Thawr، Ali Rajeh (المؤلف). 2026. “Influence of Filler Type on Hot Mix Asphalt Properties: Performance Assessment of Bajil Limestone and Sana’a Basalt.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 1881-1889. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i3.2725
Salman Al-Nuwairah، Abdlsalam AL-Thawr، Ali Rajeh (المؤلف) (2026) ‘Influence of Filler Type on Hot Mix Asphalt Properties: Performance Assessment of Bajil Limestone and Sana’a Basalt’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 1881-1889. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i3.2725
@article{jast2026_art2725,
author = {Salman Al-Nuwairah، Abdlsalam AL-Thawr، Ali Rajeh (المؤلف)},
title = {Influence of Filler Type on Hot Mix Asphalt Properties: Performance Assessment of Bajil Limestone and Sana’a Basalt},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {مارس}, pages = {1881-1889}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i3.2725},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i3.2725},}
Influence of Filler Type on Hot Mix Asphalt Properties: Performance Assessment of Bajil Limestone and Sana’a Basalt
Smart agriculture and industrial Internet-of-Things
(IoT) systems increasingly rely on distributed sensors, edge gate-ways, and networked control services, making privacy-preserving and communication-efficient anomaly detection essential. Centralized learning can expose operational telemetry, increase communication overhead, and degrade under heterogeneous non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) client conditions. This paper presents SEAF-FL-MLP, a leakage safe federated edge-AI framework for binary anomaly detection across five heterogeneous IoT clients: AGRI, SWAT, WADI, WUSTL-IIoT, and TON-IoT. The framework integrates split-first preprocessing, train-only imputation/encoding/scaling/feature selection, client- specific processing, a compact multilayer perceptron (MLP), FedAvg aggregation, validation-only threshold selection, and test-only final evaluation. In the audited V9 output, the balanced validation-selected threshold achieved Accuracy=96.32%, Precision=96.67%, Recall = 93.74%, F1-score = 95.18%, ROC-AUC = 98.86%, and PR-AUC = 98.03% on the global held-out test set, with a model size of 0.0372 MB and an estimated total communication cost of 4.4682 MB across 12 federated rounds and five clients. Client-wise analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity: WUSTL-IIoT, TON-IoT, and SWAT achieved strong F1-scores, whereas AGRI and WADI remained challenging stress cases. WUSTL shortcut-reduced sensitivity showed that the WUSTL client remained strong after removing high-risk shortcut-sensitive features, although the global pipeline was partially sensitive to replacing WUSTL with the shortcut-reduced version. FedProx did not materially improve performance under the tested configuration, and the ablation results did not support claiming mutual-information feature selection as a performance-improving component in this run. The results position SEAF-FL-MLP as a compact, communication-efficient, and reproducible federated edge-AI baseline while emphasizing the necessity of transparent client-level, fairness, and shortcut-robustness analysis.
Hussein Azzan، Abdulsalam Alkholidi (المؤلف) (2026). SEAF-FL-MLP: Audited Federated Edge-AI Anomaly Detection with Client Heterogeneity and Shortcut-Sensitivity Analysis. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2292-2305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3475
Hussein Azzan، Abdulsalam Alkholidi (المؤلف). “SEAF-FL-MLP: Audited Federated Edge-AI Anomaly Detection with Client Heterogeneity and Shortcut-Sensitivity Analysis.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 2292-2305. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3475. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Hussein Azzan، Abdulsalam Alkholidi (المؤلف). 2026. “SEAF-FL-MLP: Audited Federated Edge-AI Anomaly Detection with Client Heterogeneity and Shortcut-Sensitivity Analysis.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 2292-2305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3475
Hussein Azzan، Abdulsalam Alkholidi (المؤلف) (2026) ‘SEAF-FL-MLP: Audited Federated Edge-AI Anomaly Detection with Client Heterogeneity and Shortcut-Sensitivity Analysis’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 2292-2305. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i7.3475
@article{jast2026_art3475,
author = {Hussein Azzan، Abdulsalam Alkholidi (المؤلف)},
title = {SEAF-FL-MLP: Audited Federated Edge-AI Anomaly Detection with Client Heterogeneity and Shortcut-Sensitivity Analysis},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {يوليو}, pages = {2292-2305}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i7.3475},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i7.3475},}
SEAF-FL-MLP: Audited Federated Edge-AI Anomaly Detection with Client Heterogeneity and Shortcut-Sensitivity Analysis
Traditional robotic catching and throwing process chains, often create a pause time of more than 300 ms by dividing catching and throwing into two consecutive steps, and inadequately utilize the post-grasping kinetic state. This paper presents a unified catching and throwing (UCT) process framework that eliminates this discontinuity by using the joint position and velocity (qc, vc) measured during grasping confirmation as the initial condition for a Hermite-type piecewise cubic launch trajectory. A six-state finite automaton coordinates the sequence, transitioning from catching to launch in less than 5 ms while maintaining continuity (C1) to avoid velocity discontinuities. The gripper dynamics are represented by a first-order hold profile, and a Jacobian-based release velocity is coupled to a ballistic flight model for target prediction. The framework was evaluated in over 150 Drake simulations using a KUKA IIWA 14 manipulator. The results showed an overall success rate of 87.3%, an active cycle time of 0.854 s, and an average throw error of 41 mm at a target distance of 2.5 m. Compared to a reference analytical sequential method, the UCT framework reduced the cycle time by 34%, with the improvement primarily due to the elimination of the stop-start phase between capture and throw. The proposed framework is positioned as a practical level 2.5 architecture within a five-level taxonomy of capture-to-throw integration and provides a basis for future hardware implementation of continuous dynamic manipulation.
Mohammed Almanari، Adel Rawea، Abdullah A. Dhaiban (المؤلف) (2026). Smooth Planning of Catch-to-Throw Movements for Robotics Systems Through Continuous C1 Trajectory Generation and State-Conditioned Release.. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2508-2517. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3285
Mohammed Almanari، Adel Rawea، Abdullah A. Dhaiban (المؤلف). “Smooth Planning of Catch-to-Throw Movements for Robotics Systems Through Continuous C1 Trajectory Generation and State-Conditioned Release..” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2026, pp. 2508-2517. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3285. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
Mohammed Almanari، Adel Rawea، Abdullah A. Dhaiban (المؤلف). 2026. “Smooth Planning of Catch-to-Throw Movements for Robotics Systems Through Continuous C1 Trajectory Generation and State-Conditioned Release..” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 2508-2517. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3285
Mohammed Almanari، Adel Rawea، Abdullah A. Dhaiban (المؤلف) (2026) ‘Smooth Planning of Catch-to-Throw Movements for Robotics Systems Through Continuous C1 Trajectory Generation and State-Conditioned Release.’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 2508-2517. doi: 10.59628/jast.v4i9.3285
@article{jast2026_art3285,
author = {Mohammed Almanari، Adel Rawea، Abdullah A. Dhaiban (المؤلف)},
title = {Smooth Planning of Catch-to-Throw Movements for Robotics Systems Through Continuous C1 Trajectory Generation and State-Conditioned Release.},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2026}, month = {سبتمبر}, pages = {2508-2517}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v4i9.3285},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v4i9.3285},}
Smooth Planning of Catch-to-Throw Movements for Robotics Systems Through Continuous C1 Trajectory Generation and State-Conditioned Release.
يعد التصميم الحسابي أحد تقنيات الحاسب الآلي، التي أسهمت في ظهور اتجاهات تصميمية مبنية على أسس وأفكار مبتكرة لا يمكن أن يصل إليها المصمم في ظل أدواته التصميمية التقليدية، وعلى الرغم من ذلك لا تزال الطرق التقليدية هي الأكثر استخداما اليوم في عملية التصميم، وقد تجسدت مشكلة البحث في النقص المعرفي عن فاعلية التصميم الحسابي في عمليات توليد وتطوير النتاج الإبداعي في العمران المعاصر. ويهدف البحث إلى تحديد صيغ التصميم الحسابي وفاعليتها كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع والابتكار في النتاج العمراني، ولتحقيق الهدف يتبع البحث منهج استقرائي لاستيضاح الواقع المعرفي بالدراسات السابقة على مستويين استهدف الأول صيغ وعمليات التصميم الحسابي وناقش الثاني الإبداع في التصميم ومستوياته في النتاج المتحقق لغرض استخلاص مفردات القياس لاختبار الفرضيات على عينات عمرانية منتخبة، واستنتج البحث فاعلية التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع والابتكار في النتاج العمراني المعاصر بسمات ومستويات متباينة ما بين إبداع بسيط وآخر معقد جدا بحسب الهدف والعملية المتبعة في التصميم والمرجع الفكري المعتمد.
منيف شمس الدين، محمد أحمد سلام المدحجي (المؤلف) (2025). صيغ التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع في النتاج العمراني المعاصر. مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 1084-1107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1933
منيف شمس الدين، محمد أحمد سلام المدحجي (المؤلف). “صيغ التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع في النتاج العمراني المعاصر.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, 2025, pp. 1084-1107. https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1933. Accessed 31 أكتوبر. 2026.
منيف شمس الدين، محمد أحمد سلام المدحجي (المؤلف). 2025. “صيغ التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع في النتاج العمراني المعاصر.” مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا : 1084-1107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1933
منيف شمس الدين، محمد أحمد سلام المدحجي (المؤلف) (2025) ‘صيغ التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع في النتاج العمراني المعاصر’, مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا, pp. 1084-1107. doi: 10.59628/jast.v3i5.1933
@article{jast2025_art1933,
author = {منيف شمس الدين، محمد أحمد سلام المدحجي (المؤلف)},
title = {صيغ التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع في النتاج العمراني المعاصر},
journal = {مجلة جامعة صنعاء للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا}, year = {2025}, month = {أكتوبر}, pages = {1084-1107}, doi = {10.59628/jast.v3i5.1933},
url = {https://doi.org/10.59628/jast.v3i5.1933},}
صيغ التصميم الحسابي كوسيط إثرائي للإبداع في النتاج العمراني المعاصر
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مجلة جامعة صنعاء
للعلوم التطبيقية والتكنولوجيا
مجلة علمية محكمة ومتاحة للجميع، تنشر أبحاثاً عالية الجودة في مجالات العلوم التطبيقية والهندسة والحاسوب منذ عام 2023.