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Sana'a University Journal of Human Sciences

Vol. 4 No. 9 (2025)

2025-09-28

24 Articles

Volume Four - Issue nine- 2025 - Sana'a University Journal for Human Sciences

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Articles

24 Articles

Academic Challenges Faced by Students with Visual Impairments in Yemeni Universities: A Field Study in the Capital Secretariat as a Model

Ziad Mohammed Ali Al-Omaisi, Mohammed Abdullah Sahlol

1 - 28

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1702

Victims' Right to Reparation before International Criminal Courts

عبدالجبار عبدالرزاق عبدالرحمن احمد شمهان, علي ناجي صالح الأعوج

29- 69

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1695

Abstract

The International Criminal Court's interest in victims of international crimes represents the first experience of international criminal justice, as military or temporary courts have not enjoyed such an experience before. In addition to preventing impunity, the International Criminal Court has established rights for victims that enable them to participate in expressing their point of view and concerns at all stages of the proceedings. It has stipulated unique and multiple measures to protect them and ensure their safety, and has granted them the right to legal representation to defend their interests. It has also allowed them to demand compensation for the harm they have suffered as a result of the criminal act committed against them, through multiple forms that guarantee their compensation and justice. Accordingly, we aim through this research paper to attempt to shed light on the efforts made by the International Criminal Court to embody the right of victims to redress their material and moral damages, and to highlight the positive aspect represented by the stipulation of special rules for redressing victims’ damages in the court’s instruments, which in their entirety constituted a special system for redressing victims’ damages, including legal guarantees and mechanisms that brought them closer – to some extent – to the situation of victims in civil suits before national criminal courts. Thus, the court has achieved remarkable progress in favor of victims, but it has not – in many cases – met their aspirations, and has not achieved complete fairness and justice for all victims.

Keywords

Victims of international crimes International Criminal Court reparations forms of reparations reparations procedures

Principles of Philosophy of Law

Tawfiq Mahdi Ali AL-Khadhamy

70 - 105

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1756

Abstract

This study examines the philosophy of law, emphasizing its significance, functions, and its connections with other branches of knowledge. Given that the philosophy of law forms an integral part of general philosophy, the researcher found it necessary to provide a brief overview of broader philosophical concepts. Conducting this research presented considerable challenges, largely due to the scarcity of sources and the general neglect of philosophy of law in academic curricula. Some critics — often unfairly — have dismissed philosophy, including the philosophy of law, as a collection of abstract ideas offering little relevance to the dynamic, science-driven society of the twentieth century. This study refutes such misconceptions, attributing them to the lack of attention devoted to teaching the philosophy of law. The research highlights the crucial role of the philosophy of law in guiding legislators to formulate legal rules that are responsive to societal needs. Laws that are disconnected from social realities and the expectations of individuals risk becoming mere ink on paper. Moreover, the philosophy of law serves an essential function in legal practice, emphasizing that legal texts are not merely sequences of words but reflections of deeper principles that must be fully understood. Thus, the philosophy of law contributes to the effective drafting, interpretation, application, and enforcement of legal norms

Keywords

Philosophy of Law Spirit of the Law Legal Problem-Solving Understanding and Developing Laws Enhancing Legal Awareness Advancement of Legal Thought

"The Rulings of Illegal Immigration and Related Matters Between Islamic Sharia and Secular Law (A Comparative Study)"

hib Mustafa Abdo Abd aljaleel Alselwi

106 - 139

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1706

Abstract

This research deals with a comparative study of the provisions of contemporary issues related to illegal immigration, asylum, human trafficking, and migrant smuggling from a sharia and legal perspective, as these phenomena have become among the most prominent challenges facing the international community and the countries receiving migrants alike. Therefore, we have tried to present the position of Islamic jurisprudence and the position of Yemeni law compared to other laws on all issues.

Immigration is permissible, but in accordance with the procedures in place in the countries of arrival and departure. This is not achieved in the case of illegal immigration, and the like, the sponsorship project is implemented before international approval, Asylum is a legitimate action guaranteed by most international charters. AS for human trafficking, it is forbidden by Sharia and law, and is protected by many international conventions, as it involves the independence of people by force, coercion, or deception. The relationship between trafficking and migrant smuggling is represented by illegal immigrants using the slogan of human smuggling, organizing their images across country borders, and the use of drug smuggling methods by gangs, and the risks that accompany this, which immigrants may be exposed to, such as death or sexual exploitation.

Keywords

Illegal Immigration Resort Migrant Smuggling

The impact of technology on transformations in narrative genres

سارة علي بن مشبب

140 - 165

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1899

Abstract

This research addresses the transformations wrought by modern technology on the structure of narrative genres (short story, novel, and play) to align with digital age demands. It aims to analyze the impact of digital technology on reshaping the structure and aesthetics of these genres, examining their digital evolution, the characteristics distinguishing each genre, and the differences between their traditional and modern digital forms. The study’s significance lies in offering an analytical model for the interaction between literature and technology, highlighting structural and aesthetic transformations in digital literature, and documenting the evolution of digital narrative. It is divided into three topics: the first explores the role of digital technology in the short story, the second examines its role in the novel, and the third investigates its role in theater. Employing a socio-historical methodology to trace these transformations, the findings reveal that digital literature is an organic extension of print literature, not a rupture. Technology has redefined the recipient’s role, making them an active participant in the creative process

Keywords

Digital technology Narrative Transformations Digital Literature Digital Short Story Digital Theater Digital Interactivity

Posttraumatic Growth in Sample of Cancer Patients in the Yemeni Community ( Psychoanalytic Study)

Sabah Ali Ismail Abdu Al-Baithi, Arwa Ahmed Al-izzy

166 - 193

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1864

Abstract

The current research aims to identify the level of post-traumatic growth in sample of caner patients in Al-Thawra general Hospital Oncology Department in Al-Hodeida Governorate, and to know whether there are statistically significant differences in posttraumatic growth, according to the gender variable(male-female),and also to know whether there are statistically significant differences in posttraumatic growth, according to the demographic variable(social status- age- educational level-duration of illness) the research sample consisted of (120) cancer patients (50) males (70)females, The sample was selected by intentional random sampling from the hospitals inpatient department, and the posttraumatic growth Questionnaire, prepared by Tedeschi and Calhoun, was applied to them (1996) translated by Dr. Abdul Aziz Thabet, and the research results reached:-

1- Using the statistical package (SPSS) it was shown that posttraumatic growth is high in cancer patients.

2- There are statistically significant differences in the level of posttraumatic growth according to the gender variable (in favor of females).

3- There are no statistically significant differences in the level of posttraumatic growth according to demographic variables (social status - age -educational level- duration of illness).

In light of the results, the researcher put forward several research proposals and recommendations.

Keywords

Cancer KYemeni Community Posttraumatic growth

The impact of Information technology on competitive advantage: A Field Study at Cement Factories in Yemen

Hameed Hussein Hatem Al-Mwuad'a, Prof

194 - 227

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1796

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of information technology (IT) across its five key dimensions: hardware, software, networks, databases, and human resources, on competitive advantage within Yemen’s five operational cement factories. Adopting a descriptive, quantitative, analytical approach, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to the entire workforce, excluding personnel in security, services, agriculture, and manual labor roles. Out of a total population of 1,485 employees, a stratified random sample of 400 was selected, yielding 357 responses, of which 338 were deemed valid for analysis.

Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 28) and SMART PLS (version 4.08.6), employing a range of appropriate statistical techniques. The findings revealed a relatively high level of IT adoption across the studied factories, alongside a significant presence of competitive advantage practices. Furthermore, when considered collectively, the study confirmed a statistically significant relationship between IT and competitive advantage. Among the individual IT dimensions, the human resources component exerted the most substantial impact, followed by software and communication networks. In contrast, hardware and databases did not demonstrate statistically significant effects.

The study recommends fostering a culture of digital transformation within cement factories through targeted training programs, modernization of IT infrastructure, and balanced investment across all IT components. Additionally, it emphasizes the strategic use of IT in quality control and data analytics, as well as allocating dedicated budgets for upskilling personnel in advanced systems.

Keywords

Information Technology Competitive Advantage Cement Industry

The relationship between liquidity risk and return on assets in Yemeni banks using panel data models for the period (2004 - 2020)

Ghaleb Abdullah Ghaleb Ahmed Ghouth, Mohammed Mohammed Hazam Al-Qatibi, Turki Yahya Qasim Al-Qabbani3

228 - 257

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1717

Abstract

This study aims to identify the optimal model for representing the relationship between liquidity risk (measured by the liquid assets to total assets ratio (LTA)), the loans-to-deposits ratio (LDR), and return on assets (measured by net income to total assets (ROA)) in Yemeni banks, utilizing panel data models. To achieve this objective, the study employed balanced financial data for the period 2004–2020. Based on the panel diagnostic tests, the study adopted the random effects model, estimated using the generalized least squares regression method (GLSR). The findings indicate that liquidity risk, as measured by the liquid assets to total assets ratio (LTA), does not affect the return on assets (ROA). However, liquidity risk measured by the loans-to-deposits ratio (LDR) negatively impacts the return on assets (ROA). Accordingly, the study recommends restructuring the banks' liquidity management policies, emphasizing the allocation of liquid assets into diversified investment portfolios and innovative banking products tailored to the local business environment, rather than retaining them unproductively or concentrating them in low-yield debt instruments. Additionally, it highlights the necessity of developing effective mechanisms for the early assessment and diagnosis of credit risk and establishing flexible plans that balance financial safety with investment returns. Finally, the study underscores the importance of coordinating with regulatory bodies to harmonize monetary policies and engaging in negotiations with international entities to ease restrictions and sanctions on banking transactions.

Keywords

Liquidity Risk، Return on Assets (ROA) Yemeni Banks Panel Data Models

The Legal Ruling on Exemption from Jumuʿah Prayer Due to Post-Fajr Travel According to Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ahdal (d. 1258 AH) and Muḥammad ibn al-Masāwī al-Ahdal (d. 1266 AH) "Comparative fiqh study"

Ahmad Abbas Ali Almutawakel

258 - 282

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1744

Abstract

This study presents a comparative scholarly analysis of a nuanced juristic issue: the ruling on Friday prayer for one who initiates travel after the dawn of Friday. Does Friday prayer cease to be obligatory due to the traveler's status, or is the individual still required to perform it? The research focuses on identifying the opinion that is most consistent with sound legal reasoning.

The issue is examined through a discussion of two opinions from Yemeni scholars of the Ahdal family: Sayyid Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Ahdal and Sayyid Muhammad ibn al-Masawi al-Ahdal. Their respective positions are analyzed based on both transmitted (naqli) and rational (ʿaqli) evidences, following a comparative analytical methodology. The importance of the study lies in the frequent occurrence of such travel in contemporary life, necessitating precise clarification.

The research is divided into two main sections: the first explores key definitions and concepts; the second examines the juristic disagreement and analyzes both views.

The study concludes that both opinions have merit, yet it favors the view of Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman, who permits a traveler to forgo Friday prayer if he departs after dawn intending to pray en route, aligning with the legal maxim “Hardship brings ease”, and with the position of the majority of scholars.

Keywords

Friday prayer traveling after dawn permission Ahdalan Shafi’i school of thought.*

The role of medical talent management in achieving competitive advantage in The private Yemeni hospitals

Ahmed Ali Hasan Hasan, عبدالخالق محسن هادي طواف

283 - 312

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1815

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the role of medical talent management in achieving competitive advantage and its dimensions (quality, creativity, cost, responsiveness) in private hospitals in Yemen.

The study population and sample consisted of private hospitals in Sana'a, which include most medical specialties and have been rated "A" according to the evaluation by the Ministry of Public Health and Population in 2021, comprising general managers, department managers, and heads of departments.

The descriptive analytical approach was adopted, and the study relied on a questionnaire as a data collection tool. Data were analyzed using the SPSS and AMOS programs.

The study found that private hospitals in Yemen showed a somewhat high level of interest in practicing medical talent management in its dimensions, as well as a high level of interest in practicing competitive advantage in its dimensions.

The results indicated a statistically significant positive effect of medical talent management on achieving competitive advantage and its dimensions (quality, creativity, cost, responsiveness) in private hospitals in Yemen.

The study recommended the necessity of enhancing interest in medical talent management and competitive advantage and their importance in hospitals to achieve their competitive organizational goals.

Keywords

Medical Talent Management Competitive Advantage Hospitals

National Reconciliation in Algeria and Mechanisms for Benefiting from It in the Palestinian Situation

Ahmed Fayek Dalloul, Fahmi Khamis Shurrab

313 - 337

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1844

Abstract

This study examined the process of national reconciliation in Algeria following the civil war that the country experienced in the 1990s. It focused on the specific measures undertaken in the reconciliation process, particularly the security, judicial, media, and educational reforms, as well as the Civil Concord Law of 1999 and the Charter for Peace and National Reconciliation of 2005. These political tools formed a cornerstone for advancing economic, social, and political development, reinforcing democratic foundations, and achieving civil peace, mutual dialogue, and coexistence among the conflicting parties. The study sought to assess the effectiveness of these mechanisms and explore the potential for adapting them to the Palestinian context, particularly in light of the ongoing political and ideological divisions between Fatah and Hamas. Employing a descriptive methodology, the research aimed to propose practical approaches that may contribute to political unity, social cohesion, and sustainable peace in Palestine, by extracting relevant lessons and adapting applicable elements from the Algerian reconciliation model. The findings suggested that Algeria’s experience was largely successful. In contrast, Palestine has not only failed to overcome its internal division and advance reconciliation, but has also struggled to formulate a reconciliation framework accepted by all political and societal actors. There are many lessons that can be learned from the Algerian experience, particularly regarding how to deal with external influences and factors, amnesty procedures, the application of good governance principles, and the reform of state institutions such as the security services, the judiciary, the media, and the education system, in addition to launching public apology initiatives

Keywords

National Reconciliation Social Reconciliation Algerian Reconciliation Palestinian Division Palestinian Reconciliation Transitional Justice

The Effect of Strategic Flexibility on Crisis Management: A Field Study in the Operating Banks In the Republic Of Yemen

Zaid Ahmed Abdo Al-Muataari, Mohammed Noaman Mohammed Aqlan

338 -368

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1569

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the impact of strategic flexibility with its dimensions (flexibility of service provision, flexibility of organizational structure, flexibility of resources) on crisis management in the operating banks in the Republic of Yemen. The study used the descriptive and analytical approach based on a questionnaire as the main tool for gathering adequate data. The study population was (1503) chosen from the top and middle leaders of nine banks whose conditions were met by this study. The sample of the study was (306) participants chosen using the randomized stratified sample method. The data processing was done using the statistical packages of social sciences (SPSS. 27). The study came up with some important results as follow: -The level of availability of strategic flexibility in the banks regarding the field of study was high, as it obtained an average of (580), a standard deviation (0.896), and a mean (82.9%) .-The results of the study showed that the level of availability of crisis management was high and obtained an average (0.5.), a standard deviation (0.851), and a mean ( 81.5%), -There was a statistically significant effect of strategic flexibility with its combined dimensions of crisis management in the Yemeni banks regarding the field of study, and,-There was a statistically significant effect for dimensions of strategic flexibility ( providing service, organizational structure, resources) individually on crisis management in the banks regarding the field of study.

Keywords

strategic flexibility crisis management banks

Dimensions of the July 2024 Student Revolution in Bangladesh in Building a Non-Discrimination Society: An analytical Study

Md Abul Kalam

369 - 383

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.2127

Abstract

In July 2024, Bangladesh witnessed a significant sociopolitical movement known as the July Revolution. Aims of this revolution were driven by demands for equality, justice, and fairness for all citizens. Prior to this event, many individuals in Bangladesh faced discrimination based on religion, gender, socio-economic background, and social class, leading to unequal opportunities and systemic marginalization. This study examines how the July Revolution contributed to building a non-discriminatory society by ensuring equal rights for all, regardless of wealth, gender, or background. Key outcomes of the revolution included the establishment of new laws and policies promoting equality, the amplification of the people's voice in governance, and a strong emphasis on accessible

education for every child. These changes have propelled Bangladesh towards a more inclusive, fair, and peaceful society where every individual is respected and treated equally. From this standpoint, this research proposes some recommendations, including promoting the values of justice and equality through educational curricula, establishing independent bodies to combat discrimination, involving youth in decision-making, creating support centers that provide legal and psychological counseling for its victims

Keywords

July revolution Bangladesh Equality Non-discrimination Social Justice

The extent to which the national concepts are included in the national education syllabus in the elementary stage in the Republic of Yemen in the light of the contemporary variables of the society

Mabrouk Ahmed Ahmed Jameel

384 -415

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1719

Abstract

The study aimed at identifying national concepts to be included in the national education syllabus to the elementary stage in the Republic of Yemen in the light of the contemporary variables of the community. Also, it aimed at disclosing the extent to which they are included in these curriculums. The researcher used the analytical descriptive methodology, and the instrument of the research is a sheet of the content analysis comprised of 87 concepts distributed on five areas. The sample of the study was the curriculums of national education from the fourth grade of the ninth grade The most important results of the study were that there was a clear absence and weakness in including the national concepts in the curriculums of national education in the light of the contemporary variables of the community, where it showed that 38 concepts were repeated zero in all national education curriculums, (40) concepts at a very low level , and (8) concepts at a low level, and (1) concept at the level of an average included. Recognizing negatively at the national awareness of society, the country's interests , unity, stability and sovereignty. Moreover, the results showed that the inclusion of national concepts at the level of classroom and domain wasn't balanced

Keywords

National education elementary stage national concepts contemporary variables

Level of Suicidal Thoughts Among Women Visiting Psychological Treatment Centers in Sana'a Capital City

Faiza Ahmed Hussein Al-Wadeai, إلهام عبدالله الإرياني

416 - 440

2025-09-28

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Abstract

The current research aims to identify the level of suicidal thoughts among female clients of psychotherapy centers in Sana'a, and to identify the differences in suicidal thoughts among female clients of psychotherapy centers in Sana'a. The descriptive method was used, and the research sample consisted of (221) female clients of psychotherapy centers in Sana'a, selected by stratified random method, and used the suicidal thoughts scale (prepared by the researcher). The research results showed that (88) (39.8%) of the total sample (221) did not show any suicidal thoughts, while the rest of the sample (133) (60.2%) had suicidal thoughts, while the rest of the sample (133) (60. This is a serious indicator of the presence of the suicidal idea itself, whether it is low, medium or high, and showed that there are no statistically significant differences in the scores of suicidal thoughts among female clients of psychotherapy centers in Sana'a according to the variables of age and social status, while these differences were found in the scores of suicidal thoughts according to the variable of educational level, and the researcher recommends that health centers develop programs aimed at promoting mental health among female clients of psychotherapy centers, especially by providing health care centers

Keywords

Suicide Suicidal Thoughts Women Visiting Psychological Centers

Features of the contextual theory of Abdul Qahir Al-Jurjani in his book, “Dala’il Al-I’jaz”

Saeed Shawahneh, Omar Samih Ayash

441 - 461

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1916

Abstract

This research seeks to study the features of the contextual theory of Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani through his book, "Dala'il Al-I'jaz." The importance of the research lies in its exploration of the features of modern contextual theory in the work of an important ancient Arab critic.

The problem of the research lies in the richness of ancient Arabic critical, linguistic, and rhetorical studies, while semanticists bridge the gap between modern Western linguistic achievement and the earliest linguistic origins of the ancient Arabic heritage. The book addresses contextualism as a subject analyzed and viewed from the perspective of grammar and rhetoric. Thus, Al-Jurjani's perspective intersects with that of the proponents of the contextual school, and the arguments are similar, while the discussion differs.

The research methodology follows a descriptive-analytical approach, combining existing knowledge represented by modern contextual theory with Al-Jurjani's own personal insights, which he disseminated in his book, "Dala'il Al-I'jaz," about context and its impact on meaning.

The structure of the research is as follows: an introduction, four sections, and a conclusion. The study was limited to "Dala'il al-I'jaz" only, as it contains a profound linguistic theorization of the theory of syntax, in addition to grammar and syntax. Among the findings of the study are the presence of roots of contextual theory in the book "Dala'il al-I'jaz" and similarities in the semantic perspectives of K. Ammer, who divides context into four sections, each focused on guiding meaning semantically, and Al-Jurjani, who guiding meaning through context within the framework of the theory of syntax and its representations in grammatical structure.

Keywords

Contextual theory evidence of miracles Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani linguistic context emotional context

Illegal Act Illegal Act as a Case of Duty and Its Impact on Criminal Liability Under Yemeni Law

Abdullah Saleh Nasser Al-Mutla'i

462 - 486

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1746

Abstract

، in which an employee exceeds their authority in good faith or carries out an illegal order، but the illegality is either hidden from the employee. If the employee is in good faith and performs the act after taking the necessary precautions and foresight، and there are reasonable grounds for doing so، then the fulfillment of these conditions negates the moral element of the crime. Therefore، the employee is not liable for any responsibility، whether intentional or negligent. The basis for permissibility in this case is the error in permissibility، not the text of permissibility or an obstacle to liability، as it is personal. We concluded that this case is specific to public employees and those in a similar capacity، excluding other individuals. The exemption is limited to exemption from criminal liability only، with the possibility of holding them civilly accountable and imposing a disciplinary penalty، or taking any preventative measure against them. The person who takes the action against them has the right to defend themselves by means of legitimate defense.

It was also concluded that the dual nature of performing the duty is preferred، as the original is the objective nature and the exception is the personal nature، as the legislator relies on the exception in exempting the employee in the case of illegal work

Keywords

Illegal Act Performance of Duty Permissibility Transgression

Present a proposed vision for establishing postgraduate programs in the field of cybersecurity and artificial intelligence in Yemeni universities – Sana'a University as a model

Khalid Ali Shania, Sufian Ali Al-Azab

487 - 527

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1615

Abstract

The research aimed to present a proposed vision for establishing postgraduate programs in the field of Cyber Security and Artificial Intelligence in Yemeni universities - Sana'a University as a mode. The research used the descriptive approach, and a questionnaire consisting of (28) paragraphs distributed over four fields: Financial requirements, Technical requirements, Legislative requirements, and Human requirements. The research sample consisted of (18) experts specialized in the field of cyber security and artificial intelligence, who were chosen intentionally. The most important results were reached as follows: There is a great consensus of the opinions of experts (sample members) on the requirements for establishing postgraduate programs in the field of cyber security and artificial intelligence, as the consensus rate was high and reached 97% at the level of the fields as a whole, and at the level of each field as follows: (Financial requirements 98%, Technical requirements 97%, Legislative requirements 96% Human requirements 94%. The researcher concluded with a proposed vision, and to ensure the achievement of the desired results of the current research, the researcher recommends the necessity of adopting and implementing the proposed vision. Keywords: Proposed concept, cyber security, artificial intelligence.

Keywords

Proposed concept cyber security artificial intelligence

The Role of Strategic Orientation in the Sustainability of Financial Institutions: A Field Study in Yemeni Banks

Ammar Mohammed Ali Rajih Al-Qadimi, Jabr Abdulqawi Ismail Al-Sanabani

528 - 561

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1757

Abstract

This study aimed to measure the role of strategic orientation in its dimensions (orientation towards competitors, orientation towards customers, orientation towards technology, orientation towards leadership) in the sustainability of Yemeni financial institutions, and to identify the level of practice of strategic orientation, and the level of sustainability of Yemeni financial institutions. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach. The study population was represented by the administrative and supervisory leaderships in Yemeni banks, numbering (1916) elements. A questionnaire was designed to collect data from a sample of (320) individuals, from which (288) valid questionnaires were retrieved for statistical analysis. After conducting statistical analyses, the study concluded that: There is a high interest by Yemeni financial institutions in practicing strategic orientation. Their interest in practicing the dimension (orientation towards the customer) was very high, while their interest in the dimensions (orientation towards competitors, orientation towards technology, orientation towards leadership) was high, and that the level of sustainability of Yemeni financial institutions was high, in all its dimensions (economic, social, environmental). The study also showed that there is a statistically significant role for the strategic orientation in the sustainability of financial institutions, and the existence of a positive role for the dimensions of strategic orientation (orientation towards the customer, orientation towards technology, orientation towards leadership) in the sustainability of financial institutions, while the effect of orientation towards competitors on the sustainability of financial institutions was non-existent.

Keywords

Strategic orientation sustainability of financial institutions Yemeni banks

The impact of organizational climate on Improving job performance "A Field Study of development Funds in the Republic of Yemen"

Shukri Ahmed Ali Abdulrab Al-Abbasi, Zayed Naji Nasser Shawsh

562 - 601

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1684

Abstract

The study aims to identify the impact of organizational climate (organizational structure, leadership style, communication style, participation in decision-making) on improving the job performance of employees in development funds in the Republic of Yemen. It also seeks to understand the current state and practical implementation of job performance in its various dimensions within these development funds. The study population consisted of (338) male and female employees across four development funds in the Republic of Yemen. A representative sample was selected, and based on the Thompson formula, a sample size of (224) was determined, given a target population of (338), with a confidence level of (%0.99) and a standard error of (%6.3). A total of (212) questionnaires were analyzed using the statistical software programs SPSS and Amos, version 26.

The study concluded that the development funds possess a suitable organizational climate. The overall level of organizational climate within the funds under study was moderate. The dimensions of organizational climate were ranked in descending order as follows: communication style ranked first, followed by organizational structure, then leadership style, and finally participation in decision-making. The study also found that the job performance level of employees in the targeted development funds was high. The availability and achievement of job performance dimensions were ranked in descending order as follows: job commitment ranked first, followed by the quality of completed work, and finally the quantity of completed work.

Keywords

Organizational Climate Job Performance Development Funds

The Role of Institutional Excellence in Achieving the Competitive Advantage for General Education Private Schools

Najah Nasser March, Faez Nasser Mugahed, Kalid Muhammed Al-Afiry

602 - 622

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1664

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the role of institutional excellence in achieving the competitive advantage for general education private schools in Amran Governorate. The study employed a descriptive analytical approach and utilized a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool, administered to a sample of 131 employees in private schools. The level of institutional excellence and competitive advantage was high, with an arithmetic mean of 3.84 and 3.96, respectively. Institutional excellence positively contributed to achieving competitive advantage in private schools, with a significant impact (Beta = 0.86). The study also revealed statistically significant differences between the average responses of participants regarding the role of institutional excellence in achieving competitive advantage attributed to work and qualification variables. However, statistically significant differences were found concerning the variable of work. The study recommends focusing on the dimensions of institutional excellence that play a crucial role in achieving competitive advantage for private school

Keywords

Institutional Excellence Competitive Advantage General Education Private Schools

The reality of the performance of public school principals in the capital, Sana'a, in light of the knowledge economy

Mariam Thabet Abd AlWahab Ahmed, Abdulrahman Mohammed Al- Sharjabi, Mahfouz Ali Mohammed Al-Maafa

623 - 658

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1764

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the reality of the performance of public school principals in the capital, Sana'a, in light of the knowledge economy. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach, and used the questionnaire as a study tool. The study population consisted of public school principals in the capital, Sana'a, with a total of (998) male and female deputies. The study sample consisted of (260) male and female deputies. The study data were analyzed and interpreted using the statistical analysis program (SPSS). The study reached several results, the most prominent of which are: The degree to which public school principals practice their tasks/roles in light of the pillars of the knowledge economy in the capital, Sana'a, from the point of view of the deputies, was high. The institutional performance dimension came in first place from the point of view of the deputies, the education and training dimension came in second place, the innovation dimension came in third place, and the employment of information and communication systems dimension came in fourth and last place. The results of the study showed the existence of statistically significant differences in the practice of public school principals of their tasks/roles in light of the pillars of the knowledge economy according to the educational region variable. In favor of a specific area, and the presence of statistically significant differences in institutional performance according to the variable of the educational area and in favor of a specific area.

Keywords

Administrative performance knowledge economy

ENHANCING PROFESSIONAL IDENTITIY AND ETHICS THROUGH TECHNOLOGY LITERACY AMONG NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY ARABIC LECTURERS Technology Literacy and Arabic Teaching

Habibullahi Abdul-Hamid

659 - 669

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1877

Abstract

This study is aimed at investigating the impact of technology literacy on Arabic lecturers’ professional identity, ethics, and instructional effectiveness at Nigerian universities. It assesses the lecturers’ overall level of technology literacy and investigates whether it influences their ethical teaching practices as well as the educational technology-related challenges that may hinder effective instruction on Arabic language at the university level. The study employs a descriptive survey design and uses a stratified random sampling technique in the distribution of 200 questionnaires, with emphasis on lecturers across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. Results reveal that the overall level of technology literacy among the study population is positive (M = 3.09), thus influencing professional identity (M = 3.20) and ethical behavior (M = 3.15). The results also show that there are a number of problems facing the Arabic lecturers, including limited access to resources, poor internet connectivity, insufficient training, and reluctance on the part of the lecturers themselves towards the use of digital models. Additionally, there appears to be a statistically significant difference between low-experienced and high-experienced lecturers (p = 0.002), with younger lecturers possessing higher technology literacy. In summary, technology literacy has profound impacts on teaching quality and ethics and is likely to be hindered by infrastructural and pedagogical problems that need to be addressed en masse. The study, therefore, recommends the development of more advanced digital infrastructure, continuous teacher training, and the integration of digital literacy into teacher education courses at the Nigerian universities.

Keywords

Technology Literacy Arabic Language Education Professional Identity Professional ethics Arabic Lecturers Nigerian Universities

Ideological Translation: The Intentional Use of Rhetoric in Political News Translation

Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Al-Kaina’ay

670 - 683

2025-09-28

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DOI: 10.59628/jhs.v4i9.1703

Abstract

This study explores ideological and rhetorical shifts in Arabic translations of Yemen-related political news articles published by some English-medium outlets, applying Aristotle’s model of rhetorical appeals (ethos, pathos, and logos) to uncover how translation strategies can influence the ideological framing of political discourse. The study also draws on Skopos theories of translation and rhetoric to examine how translators may intentionally manipulate credibility, emotions, and logical arguments as tools of persuading and informing to align the translated text with certain political and ideological agendas. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which translators employ rhetorical appeals to alter the message of the original text or amplify that of the translation, as well as how such modifications can contribute to the ideological positioning of the target text. The paper thus highlights the critical role of translation in shaping political narratives, offering insights into how rhetorical strategies are adapted across languages to influence public opinion. The findings reveal that translators often employ specific rhetorical techniques to align political messages with targeted ideological perspectives. It is hoped that this study can contribute to the field of translation studies by highlighting the active role of translators in shaping political discourse, suggesting that translation is not merely a linguistic exercise but a strategic act with profound ideological consequences.

Keywords

Translation ideology rhetorical appeals political discourse

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Sana'a University Journal of Human Sciences

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