Sana'a University Journal of Human Sciences

        The study deals with an objective interpretive study entitled: al-Ẓahīr in the Holy Qur’an. The study is based on explaining the meanings of the word (Ẓahīr), and what is meant by this word in the Quran, and similar words, along with an explanation of what is meant by it and its uses in the Qur’an. The study depends on inductive analytical method, where the researcher has collected all the word al-Ẓahīr and similar words from the Qur’an. After completing the collection of the word al-Ẓahīr, the researcher relied on the deductive analytical approach in obtaining contents related to the study. Among the most important results reached by the study:  the word (Ẓa-ha-ra) has come thirty-seven times with nine ways of the language in the Qur’an. In the ten places of the Quran, the word (Ẓahīr, and taẓāhur) came as meaning of the word support. At the same time, the words that are close to the meaning of al-Ẓahīr in the Qur’an are eight words. By the grace and generosity of Allah, this study will be a vital source of information for researchers, thinkers, and scholars to conduct further research on this issue.

Technological development resulted in the emergence of new means of developing trade exchange through the Internet. Including virtual money that appeared on the scene and the spread of dealing with it in countries of the world and its use in several operations.

The majority of its dealers are not familiar with the characteristics and risks of virtual money, as it is non-physical, intangible, has no physical existence, and is circulated via the Internet only, called encrypted digital currencies. ; The most important results: It is not considered money or legal tender due to its lack of monetary conditions and functions. It is considered an appropriate mechanism for buying and selling in a smooth, fast and unlimited way due to its decentralized nature. The most important recommendations are the need for the concerned agencies to intervene to prevent dealing with them for illegal actions or goals, and to attend dealing with them due to their risks and negative effects. It is necessary to adhere to the application of the provisions of Islam to find alternative solutions or rules and controls for them, and to issue central digital currencies linked to gold, with the help of specialized experts, and not to contradict the religion of Islam.

This study aimed to measure the impact of applying the principles of good governance in achieving sustainable development in international organizations operating in Yemen. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach and the correlational approach. The study population was represented by workers in international organizations operating in Yemen, and their number reached (2005) members. The study was developed A questionnaire form as a measurement tool was distributed to the study sample of (371) individuals, from which (337) valid questionnaires were retrieved for statistical analysis. After conducting statistical analyses, the study concluded: There is a statistically significant effect of applying the principles of good governance in achieving sustainable development, and the results indicated There is an impact of the dimensions (accountability, efficiency and effectiveness, strategic vision) in achieving sustainable development, while the dimensions (disclosure, transparency, justice and equality) did not affect the achievement of sustainable development. In light of the results, the study came out with a number of recommendations, including: the necessity of making more efforts and following up on developments. Related to applying the rules of good governance in organizations with the aim of developing awareness and the investment role in society, and the necessity of paying more attention to developing strategies related to sustainable development, and relying on linking the relationship between comprehensive quality and the general strategy of the organization with the aim of achieving sustainability.

        This research deals with the Quranic readings of Imam Al-Samin Al-Halabi through his two books. The research comes in an introduction، two chapters، and a conclusion. The introduction deals with the importance of the topic، the reasons of choosing it، the research objectives، the research problem، the research method and its division. The first topic: it contains two requirements. The first requirement: a brief translation of Imam Al-Sameen Al-Halabi. The second requirement: Defining the readings، their importance and the wisdom of their multiplicity. The second topic: it contains two requirements: The first requirement: Introducing the two books، Al-Durr Al-Masun and Umdat Al-Hafiz. The second requirement: the approach of Imam Al-Sameen Al-Halabi in the readings. As for the conclusion، it mentions the most important results and recommendations، the most important of which are: The Qur’anic readings enrich interpretation، multiply meanings and connotations. The great benefit that both interpretations contain in the different sciences، especially with regard to readings. Imam Al-Samin Al-Halabi was distinguished by mentioning the readings at great length and defended everyone who criticized the correct readings strongly، and he defended the abnormal readings according to his culture until he reached a point where his goods were lacking and he judged them to be abnormal.

It is understood that the law has obliged that litigation be before the courts with their known procedures. However, it has permitted another means that is easier and less complicated than the means of litigation, in response to the necessity and speed that requires surprising the opponent with a precautionary or temporary measure, without following the normal adversary procedures.This method is called petition, which can be used in specific cases in which the courts use their jurisdictional authority to extend judicial protection to those entitled to them through expedited implementation procedures. The judge obtains this authority from the authority of the ruler who appointed him in  the position of judge. An order on a petition is a decision issued by the competent judge without confrontation or reason, based on a petition submitted by the concerned party in cases where this is permissible, including an order for temporary action, permission to undertake legal action, precautionary action, approval of an action, or appointment and oversight in matters that must be subject to judicial oversight, all in accordance with the rules regulated by procedural law.

This study aimed to identify the appropriate strategic option to activate the social responsibility of Yemeni universities in light of the requirements of sustainable development. This is done by strategic environmental analysis of both the strengths and weaknesses in the internal environmental factors, and the possible opportunities and potential threats in the external environmental factors. To achieve this, I adopted the descriptive survey method, and used the questionnaire as a study tool and distributed it to a group of experts from academic leaders and faculty members in Yemeni universities amounting to (29). expert, and reached a set of results, the most important of which are: The average weighted weight of the strengths and weaknesses in the internal environmental aspects was (2.032), the average weighted weight of the indicators of opportunities and threats in the external environmental factors was (2.39), and the total weighted weight of the internal and external environments reached (2.19), and this weight falls within the range of the third alternative (1.76 - 2.50), so the appropriate strategy for activating the social responsibility of Yemeni universities in light of the requirements of sustainable development is the defensive strategy (Stability and stability).

The study aimed to identify the criteria upon which the United States of America relies in its classifications of terrorism, using for this purpose the descriptive analytical approach and the force approach, in addition to the case study approach. The problem of the study was represented in the question: What are the standards adopted by the United States of America in its classifications of terrorism, and do they Did these classifications apply to "Ansar Allah" in Yemen or not? The study is of scientific importance as it is one of the first studies to address this topic and is considered one of the important topics on the international political scene. The study reached a number of results, including:

1. The lack of a clear and specific definition of terrorism.
2. There are many attempts by the United States to attach terrorism charges to the resistance movements.

The terrorist classifications prepared by the United States of America are political classifications and a pressure card that it uses against its opponents, and these political classifications applied to “Ansar Allah” in Yemen.

The current research aims to identify and analyze proposed aspects of the partnership between the Ministry of Education and international organizations working in the education sector in Yemen in developing the management of training programs in public education institutions. The research relied on the extrapolative and analytical approach of sources، studies، reports and documents related to training and the prevailing partnership in education. The research reached the following conclusions: Many results، the most important of which are:

A - The number of aspects of the proposed partnership in developing the planning process for training programs reached (7)

B - The number of aspects of the proposed partnership in developing the process of organizing and implementing for training programs reached (8)

C - The number of aspects of the proposed partnership in developing the monitoring and evaluation process for training programs reached (8)

        This research examines the military character of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family)، and highlights this aspect of his missionary personality، in which he was distinguished، whether at the level of his personal jihad from the first days of his mission until the last days of his life، and God Almighty testifies to this in His Book، or at the level of preparing، equipping and leading armies، battles and military companies. This research also criticizes some of the narratives that attempt to defame the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) by portraying him as a person who would accept to flee and prepare the means by which he could flee in the event of defeat، and highlights some of the evidence of his steadfastness and courage that he displayed، through practical facts and field evidence، in the fields of battle and jihad for the sake of Allah. The research also deals with some of the Prophet's administrative and military leadership arrangements، strategies، methods and plans، which he carried out، used and employed in his wars and battles against the forces of tyranny، disbelief and misguidance. This research emphasizes his (peace be upon him and his family) excellence and precedence in many military strategies، methods، and plans.

Yemen faces many environmental, economic and social challenges related to agricultural activity, most notably the unsustainable use of productive natural resources, climate change and weak investment, in addition to the overall challenges resulting from conflicts and wars. Accordingly, the study aims to identify the most important of these challenges, as well as to identify the most important concepts of the green economy, its importance and benefits.

This study addressed the issue of Yemen's move to a green economy by being guided by the results and directions of some previous studies and successful experiences in the field of transition to a green economy in order to achieve sustainable development in some Arab and foreign countries. To achieve the goal of the study, we relied on the descriptive analytical approach to present theoretical literature and extract the results of successful experiences in order to benefit from them when moving towards implementing the green economy. To face the challenges facing natural productive resources.

  The study concluded that Yemen should adopt the green economy model because of its impact on achieving sustainable development. The interest in applying the concepts and principles of the green economy comes due to the availability of many opportunities and natural and human resources through which Yemen can be transformed from a backward traditional economy to a sustainable green economy.

The research aimed to investigate the impact of information technology in Improve product quality in the Yemeni pharmaceutical companies. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method and to collect field data, she relied on questionnaire tool. The size of the study population was (2106) male and female workers, and a sample was taken using the stratified random sampling method, representing its size of (251) workers. The most prominent results were that the level of availability of information technology in the pharmaceutical industry sector under study was high in all dimensions, and the level of availability of product quality in Yemeni pharmaceutical industry sector under study was high. The result of the study also showed that the level of availability of information technology in Yemeni pharmaceutical industry sector from the point of view of workers in general was high.it obtained an arithmetic mean of (5.50) with a standard deviation of (0.87) and a percentage of (78.6%) ،. The result of the study also showed that the level of availability of product quality in the Yemeni pharmaceutical industry sector from the point of view of workers in general was high. As it obtained an arithmetic mean of (5.78). With a standard deviation of (0.94) and a percentage of (82.5%), there is also a statistically significant effect at the of information technology in its dimensions (Human resource- hardware- software- database-Telecommunication network--Information Security) in improving product quality in the Yemeni pharmaceutical companies.

The study aimed to identify the relationship between the of using social media on family compatibility among high school students in Sana'a's capital city. The study adopted a descriptive correlational approach and used the following tools: a social media scale consisting of 22 items، and a family compatibility scale consisting of 33 items. The study sample consisted of 1178 male and female students، with a total of 588 male students and 590 female students from secondary schools in the directorates of Sha'oub، Al-Thawra، Al-Tahrir، and Bani Al-Harith in Sana'a's capital city. Appropriate statistical methods were used. The study reached several results، including:

• The level of social media usage among secondary school students in the capital city was weak، with an average score of (2.57) ، while the level of family compatibility among secondary school students in the capital city was high، with an average score of (4.06).
• There is a correlation between the use of social media and family compatibility among secondary school students.
• There are no significant differences between the mean responses of the study sample regarding family compatibility attributed to the gender variable (male، female).
• The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the averages of the study sample's responses regarding to Family compatibility that due to the gender variable (male / female).

This study aims to identify the Saudi and Emirati presence in Yemen, according to the theories of realism and dependency in international relations, through their military occupation of some Yemeni provinces, ports, and islands. The study also examines the background of the Saudi and Emirati interests in the Yemeni territories. The two countries used the theory of realism and the theory of dependency in international relations to justify their military presence in Yemen. Furthermore, the study adopted the historical methodology and the content analysis approach.

As findings showed, the military presence of the Saudi and Emirati regimes in the Yemeni territories reveals colonial ambitions that contradict what has been declared and violate the principles of relations between states. The theory of realism was applied as a material force for this intervention, and the theory of dependency was also applied to implement its ambitions and what is dictated by external forces.

The study is divided into an introduction that includes the methodological framework of the study, and four chapters, as follows:

• Chapter One: The Origin and Development of the Theory of Realism and the Theory of Dependency.
• Chapter Two: An Approach between Realism and Dependency and the Saudi and Emirati Military Presence.
• Chapter Three: The Saudi Military Presence in Yemen.
• Chapter Four: The Emirati Military Presence in Yemen.

This study dealt with the policy of Riyadh to contain the Yemeni youth revolution that broke out in February 2011 through the Gulf initiative and chronic executive mechanisms Developments that have been established during the transitional period established in the executive mechanisms of the initiative in two years. The beginning of maintaining the remaining former regime in the new authority through its participation in the new authority as formerly the president he gave a favor and everyone who worked with him during the year of a judicial immunity from not prosecution. And conduct a consensus presidential election to elect Abdu Raba Mansour Hadi as a single candidate and the holding of the National Dialogue Conference preparation a new constitution for the country. And work in the Gulf initiative and chronic executive mechanisms for disabling the old constitution during the transition period. And also dismantling the Yemeni army and destroying missiles and seeking to implement the agenda and seeps with sound means and when l failed to contain the aggression. The study at the first two destiny deals with the February 2011 revolution and the second discusses the military aggression 2015.

This study is an attempt to evaluate and assess the quality of the translation of the Quranic narrative of the Yunus into English, by Marmaduke Pickthall in his work The Meaning of the Glorious Quran (1930), in light of House’s model. The analysis covers the story of Yunus, the source and target texts comparing the source text’s profile and target text’s profile at the register level i.e. (field, tenor, and mode) suggested by House’s 2015 model. The analysis of the source text and target text has revealed that there are differences lexically and syntactically but there is a great effort to maintain the poetic and literary qualities of the original Arabic language. The statement of quality at the end states no translation can fully capture the depth and richness of the Quran.                           

This paper critically assesses the translation of humorous expressions from English into Arabic by examining three versions of Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Naseem (1958), Abdulrahman (2015), and Al-Shabini (2018), aiming to identify challenges and propose cost-effective solutions. The paper adopts an interdisciplinary qualitative approach, combining descriptive, comparative, contrastive, and critical analyses, to evaluate the accuracy, fluency, and humorous impact of selected translations. It further identifies translation strategies, proposes solutions to challenges, and suggests alternative renderings where necessary. The research findings indicate that the translators have partially succeeded in meeting the translation objectives, with the intended meanings of the source text's author being largely conveyed in the Arabic translations. However, they were not able to reproduce the humor's full effect and impact. Naseem prioritized educating the target readership and adapting to cultural norms at the time of his translation, potentially compromising the humor of the source text. Abdulrahman and Al-Shabini focused on maintaining high accuracy to the source text, possibly undermining cultural acceptability. The translators' strategies, including omission, literal translation, paraphrasing, and one-to-one transition, may have negatively impacted the accuracy, elegance, force, power, and pragmatic impact of the target texts. As a result, the humorous effects of the source text may have been partially lost in translation. To achieve comparably humorous effects, it is recommended to revise and post-edit these translations, employing domesticating and trans-creative strategies while preserving the source text’s intentions.

This study sought to investigate: a) To what extent, the teaching of affixes affect in developing the students' vocabulary b) Does the process of teaching the affixes in English enhances vocabulary knowledge among Yemeni EFL learners? The participants of this study were forty-two students. They were second-year students enrolled at the Bachelor program in the Arts college at the University of Dhamar in Yemen in the academic year 2022 /2023. To answer the questions of this study, it was necessary to collect data which are related to the participants’ vocabulary and its influences by teaching affixes'. Data were collected by a test. The results of the study indicate that there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (≤ 0.05) between the mean scores of the students of the two groups (experimental and control) in the post application of the vocabulary test in favor of the students of the experimental group, and this difference can be attributed to the teaching treatment which was used (the proposed program) which led to the development of  the participants' vocabulary, through the program of teaching the morphological affixes. It was observed also that the program was very interesting and useful. It has increased learners' awareness of morphological rules and has added to the students' vocabulary as well.