Sounds, their points of articulation and their characteristics according to Ibn Malik

    This research examines the articulation points and characteristics of sounds according to Ibn Malik, one of the most prominent linguists of the seventh century AH and a fundamental reference in modern grammatical, morphological, and phonetic studies.

As this topic has not been studied independently, I decided to examine it according to Ibn Malik, and discuss  other linguists perspectives

This research aims to enable learners to pronounce letters and words correctly, in terms of articulation points and characteristics. It also contributes to understanding the Arabic language in a correct and scientific way and  avoiding confusion.

    In addition, studying sounds, their articulation points, and characteristics serves the sciences of the Qur'an and Tajweed. It helps to improve pronunciation and correct common errors, enriching linguistic studies and providing a scientific addition to current phonetic knowledge.  In this research, I followed the descriptive-analytical approach, building its general structure around two sections, preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion and general indexes 

    The first section examines sounds and their articulation points, according to Ibn Malik. The second section examines the characteristics of sounds according to Ibn Malik. The conclusion summarizes the research findings, followed by a list of research sources and references