Sana'a University Journal for Human Sciences

The study aimed to reveal the determinants of viral marketing on social networking sites, by studying the motives for the participation of Yemeni users in viral marketing on Facebook, and identifying the factors influencing it, the study  relied on the survey method and was conducted on a sample of (202) individuals using the survey, and concluded with a number of results, the most important of which is that the majority of the sample participate in viral marketing on Facebook, and that their level of participation in viral marketing came to a medium degree.

The study also showed that there was a positive correlation between level of Facebook use and respondents viral marketing participation and it found  the motive of emotion is the most powerful motive of interpersonal communication affecting viral marketing, followed by the motive of escape, then the motive of integration (self-presentation-affiliation), while the motive of Control comes last, followed by relaxation and then entertainment.

The study also revealed that the demographic characteristics of gender, age, and income are among the important factors influencing viral marketing, while the level of education had no effect on the participation of respondents in viral marketing on Facebook.

          The study aimed to identify the reality of the program of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports at the University of Hodeidah in light of the requirements and standards of comprehensive quality, It also aimed to identify the differences according to the variables of the study (gender, students, faculty members)

The researchers used the descriptive approach due to its suitability to the nature of the study, and the study sample consisted of (22) faculty members, (14) third-level students, and (16) fourth-level students. A total of (52) individuals, and data was collected using the questionnaire form, which consisted of (66) items distributed over six domains.                                                                                                                      

The results of the study showed that most of the quality standards were achieved with a high degree, except for the facilities, establishments and students, who achieved an average degree . Also, there is an accurate description document that includes a description of all the basic elements of the program, and it showed that there are no differences in opinions due to the gender variable (male - female) in the axes and dimensions of the questionnaire. There are clear differences in opinions due to the qualification variable (Bachelor - Master - PhD) in most of the axes the dimensions of the questionnaire, Through the results of the study, the researchers recommended the need to pay attention to continuing the continuous evaluation of the program of the Faculty of Physical Education to overcome the deficiencies in the program.               

The study aimed to know the effectiveness of a program based on (STEM) in developing pedagogical knowledge of the content of physics among student teachers at Faculty of Education - Sana'a. To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher used two approaches: descriptive and semi-experimental, along with  training  program designed according to  (STEM) and testing pedagogical knowledge of the content of physics. The study sample consisted of (22) female students from the Physics Department (fourth level) in the academic year of (2022-2023). One experimental group was represented, and the results of the study revealed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of female teachers in the pre and post applications of the pedagogical knowledge testing of physics content in favor of the post application. The results of the study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance( 0.05) between the mean scores of female teachers in the two post and sequential applications to test pedagogical knowledge with the content of physics. The researcher recommended the inclusion of the (STEM) preface  in the  university studying curriculums throughout definitional and  according to programs based on STEM to develop their pedagogical knowledge.                                           

The study aimed to find out the effectiveness of a training program based on professional reflection in developing attitudes toward applying active learning skills among science teachers in the capital Sana'a. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the quasi-experimental approach with one group (pre-post). The study sample included (21) male and female science teachers. They were chosen intentionally, the researcher prepared a training program, an observation card, and a measure of attitudes toward the application of active learning skills. The statistical analysis program SPSS was used to analyze the data, and the results showed: There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the study sample teachers in the observation card, and in the attitudes scale, in the pre and post-application in favor of the post application. It was also found that the training program had a significant impact on the development of teachers' attitudes toward the application of active learning skills. Therefore, the study recommends the need to include programs and activities for preparing teachers in the pre-preparation stage with active learning skills and their educational applications.

 The provisions of the law related to the conditions and guarantees of pretrial detention must be taken into account, unless, when these provisions are violated or not observed, the precautionary detained suspect has the right to plead the invalidity of this detention. One of the most important findings of this study is that the legal basis for this plea in Yemeni law is the text of Article  (398) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and in the Egyptian law is the text of Article (333) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and that this defense is one of the defenses that are not related to public order, but rather one of the defenses related to the interest of the litigants, and it is also one of the defenses in which reality is mixed with the law,  Finally, this defense is considered one of the fundamental defenses. As for the effect of this defense, it is the invalidity of the evidence derived from the false detention procedure, which was contrary to the conditions and guarantees of pre-trial detention based on the provisions of Article (402) of the Yemeni Code of Criminal Procedures, and Article (336) of the Yemeni Code of Criminal Procedure.  Egyptian criminal procedures.

 The current study aims to find out the level of mathematic students' possession of the geometric sense skills at the College of Education - Sana'a University.  The study relies on the descriptive approach, and the study sample consisted of 150 male and female students. The study tool was a measure of geometric sense skills.  To analyze the data statistically, the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used.  The study reached a number of results, including: The weak level of mathematic students at the Faculty of Education - Sana'a University possessing geometric sense skills.

This research aims to reveal the rhetoric of argumentative issues in the literature of Ahmed bin Alwan, through the analysis of the argumentative evidence used by the speaker in his speech in order to form persuasive arguments that play an influential role in the recipient.

The research work consists of two sections; the first section deals with the theoritical foundation, the introduction of arguments, and the case,  and the second section shows the eloquence of argumentative issues, dealing with the logical eloquence of the argumentative discourse, and the literary eloquence of the argumentative discourse.

The research concluded that the rhetoric of the argumentative issue in the literature of Ahmed bin Alwan consists of two sections: the first is the logical rhetoric of the discourse, and the second is the literary rhetoric of the discourse, and with this argumentative favor, Ahmed bin Alwan was able to produce an influential and persuasive argumentative discourse for the recipient.

The study aimed to identify the effect of a teaching program based on Gardner's Five Minds Theory on developing critical thinking of a pre-service mathematics teacher. The study adopted the experimental approach with a semi-experimental design based on one group. The sample is 30 students. To achieve the aim of the study, the researchers built a test for critical thinking consisting of (20) items distributed over five skills. The test has acceptable validity and reliability. The researchers used the spss v.25 statistical package for analyzing the data statistically. The results of the study revealed that:

There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of the students in the pre and post application of the critical thinking test in favor of the post application. and There is a significant impact of the program based on Gardner's Five Minds Theory on developing critical thinking. Keywords: Mathematics Teacher - Gardner's Five Minds Theory - critical thinking.

The aim of this research is to explain the position of Al-Dhafiri Al-Yamani (T1035AH) regarding the morphological disagreement, through his book marked by: AI-Manhole AI-Safia to revealing the meanings of the healer. To achieve this goal, the descriptive (analytical) approach is used in describing fourteen morphological issues in order to reveal the position of Al Dhafiri from the morphological dispute, and the basics.

on which he relied on that position. The research reached several results, most notably:

1. Al-Dhafiri was not merely a carrier of morphological discord but rather analyzed, reasoned, and favored, and objected on the basis of strong morphological principles, including the original morphological lesson: hearing and measurement.
2. Al-Dhafiri was sober and resilient in his study of the morphological dispute, and he was not intolerant of him even though he was a viewpoint.
3. Avoid delving into the morphological dispute except what was required by his explanation of the body of the healer, and it was not elaborated in it.

The research suggested to the researchers the need to pay attention to studying the morphological dispute among Yemeni scholars, to reveal their positions towards it, and to provide the Yemeni and Arabic linguistic library with it, as it is worthy of that.

The research aimed to find out the reasons for low academic achievement among secondary school students in capital city sana,a Toanalyzo this reality by answering the research sub-questions included in the questionnaire, which is the research tool provided to secondary school teachers in the capital city sana,a as a model for the research sample.

The researcher used the descriptive survey method, from which he chose a random sample of (133) students from secondary school teachers. He designed a questionnaire to collect data. The research reached the following results:

• The student’s field obtained an arithmetic average (3.15) and a percentage (78.75%), with an overall grade of OK.
• The field related to the family, social and economic aspects obtained an arithmetic average (3.05) and a percentage (76%), with a general grade of approval.
• The school domain obtained an arithmetic average (3.20) and a percentage (80%), with a general grade of OK.
• The field for the teacher obtained an arithmetic average (2.77) and a percentage (69.25%), with a general grade of approval.
• The field for the curriculum obtained an arithmetic average (2.60) and a percentage (65%), with a general grade of approval.

The study aims to highlight the verses of al contents elicited from Surat: An-Nur, that related to asking the husband's permission, lowering the gaze, cover one's private parts and…etc. Clarifying the detailed jurisprudential issues, benefiting from it and applying it in a more comprehensive way, at a time when mingling has become a culture, Decorum is a crime, and Grooming is openness, commitment to the morals of the Qur’an is extremism, the sanctities of homes are being violated, either due to lack of knowledge or bad morals, not to mention technology's violation of the what hidden and secrets of homes, where there is no privacy for anyone in the world of the World Wide Web; as the concept of seeking permission must be more general and comprehensive, to create a generation that has the morals of the Qur’an.

The present study aims to discover the reality of E-marketing of information services in the surveyed university libraries. It scrutinizes the types of information services provided by such libraries as well as the modern methods and means they use to electronically market the information services and attract the users. The survey method was used in preparing the study, relying on data collection tools, which includes the questionnaire as the main tool. The study covered the entire community of private university libraries (made up of 26 libraries) in the city of Sana'a. Some of the significant findings are as follows: (19) of the surveyed university libraries, representing 73.08%, do not have E-marketing for their available information services. On the other hand, (7) of these libraries, representing 26.92%, are electronically marketing their available information services. The study provided a number of significant recommendations as follows: The university libraries, which were surveyed and found that they do not have marketing, shall have to introduce the E-marketing process within their services and keep abreast of technological developments, owing to their usefulness for meeting the library users’ needs. The surveyed university libraries must also introduce themselves to the community of actual and potential users in a good and distinguished manner so as to encourage them to use their services via various means of communication. This can be achieved by investing Web 2.0 Technologies in introducing and developing their marketing means and methods, which should be made interactive, in order to make it easier for the users to access information at any time.

This research aims at defining Al-Emam Abu Sa'ad، Al-Muhsien Bin Mohammed Bin Karmah Al-Jashmi (T:494) ، and signifying his approach in mentioning the judgments in his interpretation: " The Courteousness in Interpretation" And the signification of this book and its sources which is considered as one of the important sources in interpretation science. The researcher used the historical inductive approach when identifying Al-Emam Abu Sa'ad، Al-Muhsien Bin Mohammed Bin Karmah Al-Jashmi (T:494). Also، the researcher used the descriptive approach when displaying the author's approach in the judgments and his style in the book. The researcher divided the research into two researches. The first one included the identification of Al-Emam Abu Sa'ad، Al-Muhsien Bin Mohammed Bin Karmah Al-Jashmi. The second one included the author's approach in mentioning the judgments. 

The highlighted result of the researcher is that Al-Emam Abu Sa'ad، Al-Muhsien Bin Mohammed Bin Karmah Al-Jashmi is an interpreter and jurist، achiever of great knowledge، a great deal، and has a spotlighted role in interpretation and a high status among the interpretation scientists. His book " The Courteousness in Interpretation" adds valuable scientific item in the interpretation field. He has a special way in mentioning the judgments as it is stated in the research.

The researcher recommended signaling Al-jashmi's approach in the interpretation through his book " The Courteousness in Interpretation" in a scientific study.

The aim of this research is to identify some kinematic variables for the triple jumpers players. In this study، the two researchers used the descriptive approach (case study) through motor analysis to perform this skill using the Kinovea program due to its suitability to the nature and objectives of the study.  The research sample was chosen by the intentional method، and it is represented in the typical player shown in the photograph، number one (1)، an emerging player from Al-Wahda Club in Tarim city، Hadramout Governorate، who is considered outstanding in performance. Through this study، the two researchers found that there are four kinematic variables affecting the performance technique of the triple jumpers، and these variables are (displacement - speed - acceleration - angles).  As the two researchers recommended using the results of this research to propose training programs and different methods at different age stages in triple jumping competitions.