The Association of Genetic Polymorphisms Of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 4G/5G And Tissue Plasminogen Activator With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Is Influenced By Ethnicity

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is widely different across different races and the genetic linkage of diabetes could be varies from population to other. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ethnicity on the association of genetic polymorphisms of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) Alu repeat I/D with T2DM in Malaysian subjects. Methods: The genetic polymorphisms were genotyped by allele specific PCR in 231 normal subjects without diabetes (114 Malays, 71 Chinese and 46 Indians) and 303 T2DM (149 Malays, 51 Chinese and 103 Indians). Results: The PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism was strongly associated with T2DM among Chinese (the dominant and additive genetic models odds ratio are 6.45, P = 0.005; 2.26, P = 0.02 respectively), whereas the tPA Alu repeat I/D polymorphism was associated with T2DM among Indian subjects (dominant genetic model odds ratio is 3.27, P = 0.03). Conclusions: The ethnicity significantly impacted the association of PAI-1 4G/5G and tPA Alu repeat I/D polymorphisms with T2DM.