Knowledge, Attitude, Practices and Associated Factors Towards Trachoma Among Communities in Highly Endemic Areas, Yemen.

Abstract

Background Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world’s poorest societies. However, knowledge,
attitudes, and practices (KAP) are yet to be conducted in Yemen.
Objective To Assess the KAP and its associated factors toward trachoma among households in highly endemic
areas, Yemen.
Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in six districts of Hodeidah and Ibb governorates in September 2024. Data were collected from 1290 randomly selected individuals using questionnaires,
focused group discussions (FGDs), and observational checklists. The data were analyzed using SPSS V26, and
a multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify associated factors.
Results: Among 1290 interviewed participants, 682 (52.9%) had good knowledge, 700 (54.35%) had good attitudes, and 803(62.2%) had good practice. Having ever received Age of the head of household (years) was
significantly associated with good knowledge and good attitudes (AOR =10.02, 95% CI7.50–13.40, P <0.001),
(AOR = 3.78, 95% CI: 2.86–4.99, P <0.001), respectively, attitude good was significantly with knowledge good
(AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.41–2.43, P <0.001). Moreover, distance to drinking water source and cleanliness of
child’s face were significantly with good practice (AOR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.86–3.19, P <0.001), (AOR = 29.5, 95%
CI: 12.6–68.9, P <0.001), respectively.
Conclusions : A substantial segment of the population exhibits unfavorable attitudes and a lack of knowledge
concerning trachoma infection. Enhancement of awareness initiatives through community mobilization and sensitization is imperative.