The language of the political system of the state according to Imam Ali bin Abi Talib Imam Ali's letter to Malik al-Ashtar as a model - A sociolinguistic approach

Abstract

This research aims to provide a comprehensive framework for this science, as a new science and an important branch of applied linguistics, as this science is concerned with studying language and its relationship to society, and that studying language without referring to the social context is an effort that is not worth the effort, and the word has no meaning if isolated from this context, and sociolinguistics differs from general linguistics in that the latter is only concerned with the linguistic structure away from the social context, and the importance of the research lies in that it deals with aspects of this science starting from the definition and origin, as the relationship between language and society formed a motive for the emergence of sociolinguistics, as it deals with the fields of studies of this science for language, and passing through the objectives of this science that shows the impact of society on various linguistic phenomena and its importance and its relationship with some similar sciences and stating the most important factors that cause the impact of society on language and reaching the applied study of this science. The research attempts to answer the following questions: What is the limit of sociolinguistics? What is the importance of this science? What are the most prominent fields studied by sociolinguistics? What is the relationship between sociolinguistics, general linguistics and other sciences? What are the societal factors that affect language?

As for the research methodology, it is the descriptive analytical methodology, while the research plan came as follows: In the first section, I dealt with: defining science, its origins and its subject. As for the second section, I explained the fields of science and its objectives. In the third section, I explained its relationship with some sciences, with a statement of some social factors that affect language. As for the last section, I dealt with the part related to the political system in the letter of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) to Malik bin Al-Ashtar with an applied study.