Prevalence and Distribution of Size-Related Dental Anomalies in Yemeni Paediatric population: A Panoramic Radiographic Study
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of size-related developmental dental anomalies (DDAs) Macrodontia and Microdontia and distribution by gender, age, jaw among Yemeni paediatric patients by panoramic radiographs analysis.
Methods: A total of 5006 OPGs collected from a major radiology center in Sana’a City (2021–2024), the OPGs were analyzed from patients aged 10 to 18 years (mean age 13.77 ± 2.71 years). The data were evaluated for Macrodontia and Microdontia (including the peg-shaped subtype). Statistical analysis, including the chi-square test, was performed with significance set at P≤0.05.
Results: Size-related DDAs were observed in 221 instances, yielding an overall prevalence of 4.41% (CI 95%). Microdontia was the predominant anomaly, accounting for 4% (N=200) of all size-related cases, with the pegshaped subtype representing 23.5% of microdontia instances. Macrodontia was significantly less common, representing 0.41% (N=21). A statistically significant association was found with gender, with females exhibiting a higher frequency (61.5%), and age peaking in the adolescent (14–18 years) group (62.2%). Furthermore, a highly significant predilection for the maxilla was noted (81.58%, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Microdontia is the dominant type, and the significant distribution across gender, age, teeth group and jaw location suggest the importance of early radiographic screening and timely intervention in this population.
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