Prevalence of anaemia among adult heart failure patients in cardiac centres, Sana’a, Yemen

Abstract

Background and objective: Heart failure is a debilitating clinical syndrome associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Anemia is common among patients with heart failure, significantly impacting their prognosis and contributing to increased hospitalization and mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence
of anemia among adults with heart failure at cardiac centers in Sana’a, Yemen.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 183 adult patients with heart failure from two major cardiology centres in Sana’a. Data were collected on demographic characteristics and haematological parameters, including complete blood count. Anemia was classified according to the World Health Organization criteria (hemoglobin <12 g/dL for women and <13 g/dL for men). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27, with a significance level of <0.05.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 43.4 ± 3.8 years, and 77.6% were male. The overall prevalence of anemia among patients with heart failure was 28.9% (95% CI: 28.6–29.2%). Among the patients with anemia, 75.5% had mild anemia and 24.5% had moderate anemia, with no severe cases observed.

Conclusion: Anaemia is a notable comorbidity among heart failure patients in Sana’a, Yemen, affecting nearly a third of the studied population, primarily as mild or moderate cases. These findings highlight the importance of routine anemia screening and management in patients with HF in this region to improve clinical
outcomes.